Microstructural changes precede depression in patients with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Multiple Sclerosis lesions in the brain and spinal cord can lead to different symptoms, including cognitive and mood changes. In this study we explore the temporal relationship between early microstructural changes in subcortical volumes and cognitive and emotional function in a longitudinal cohort study of patients with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

Methods: In vivo imaging in forty-six patients with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis was performed annually over 3 years magnetic resonance imaging.

Brief international cognitive assessment for MS (BICAMS) and global brain volumes in early stages of MS - A longitudinal correlation study.

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in patients with multiple sclerosis, even in the early stages of the disease. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for multiple sclerosis (BICAMS) is a short screening tool developed to assess cognitive function in everyday clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate associations between volumetric brain measures derived from a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination and performance on BICAMS subtests in early stages of multiple sclerosis (MS).

A two-year longitudinal follow-up of cognitive performance assessed by BICAMS in newly diagnosed patients with MS.

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and may occur at any stage and with any subtype of the disease. Screening and monitoring of cognitive function should therefore be implemented into everyday clinical neurology practice. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) was developed for this purpose.

The Norwegian translation of the brief international cognitive assessment for multiple sclerosis (BICAMS).

Background: Cognitive impairment is a common symptom in all stages of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet it is underreported and not routinely evaluated. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) is a short and easily administered test battery for screening of cognitive impairment in MS that can be completed within 15 min and incorporated into routine clinical practice. The test battery consists of the oral version of the Symbols Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and the initial learning trials of the California Verbal Learning Test 2nd edition (CVLT-II) and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised (BVMT-R).