Building the social prescribing student movement in Canada.

Social prescribing is defined as "a means for trusted individuals in clinical and community settings to identify that a person has nonmedical, health-related social needs and to subsequently connect them to nonclinical supports and services within the community by co-producing a social prescription-a nonmedical prescription, to improve health and well-being and to strengthen community connections." Globally, there is growing interest in social prescribing as a holistic approach to health and well-being, with almost 30 countries involved in the social prescribing movement. In Canada, great strides are being made in social prescribing research, policy and practice, with all of this work being supported by the Canadian Institute for Social Prescribing.

Does perceived caloric and nutrient intake influence the acute effect of beverage consumption on cardiovascular function?

Our objective was to explore whether consuming the same high-fat/sugar beverage affects endothelial function differently depending on whether it is presented as "unhealthy" [accurate high calorie (kcal), fat, and sugar information displayed] versus "healthy" (inaccurate low kcal, fat, and sugar information displayed). Twenty-five, young (21 ± 2 yr), healthy, food-stress/shame-prone women completed three conditions: milkshake consumption (540 kcal, 80 g sugar, and 14 g fat) where correct, "unhealthy" nutritional information was shown to participants (milkshake condition), consumption of the same milkshake but with incorrect, "healthy" information shown to participants (100 kcal, 3 g sugar, and 4 g fat; sham-nutrishake condition), and water consumption (control condition). Pre- and postbeverage we assessed ) endothelial function via standard brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD); ) perceived shame, stress, beverage healthiness, and harm; and ) blood (plasma) glucose, insulin, triglycerides and oral fluid cortisol, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) receptor binding.

A pilot cross-sectional investigation of chronic shame as a mediator of the relationship between subjective social status and self-rated health among middle-aged adults.

Subjective social status (SSS) is an important independent predictor of health outcomes, however, the pathways through which it affects health are poorly understood. Chronic shame has previously been suggested as a potential mechanism but this has never been investigated and the relationship between chronic shame and health is under-researched. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore whether chronic shame explains a significant portion of the association between SSS and self rated health (SRH).

The 'normal' adjustment of oxygen delivery to small muscle mass exercise is not optimized for muscle contractile function.

Oxygen delivery is viewed as tightly coupled to demand in exercise below critical power because increasing oxygen delivery does not increase . However, whether the 'normal' adjustment of oxygen delivery to small muscle mass exercise in the heavy intensity domain is optimal for excitation-contraction coupling is currently unknown. In 20 participants (10 female), a remote skeletal muscle (i.

Muscle contraction force conforms to muscle oxygenation during constant-activation voluntary forearm exercise.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? In electrically stimulated skeletal muscle, force production is downregulated when oxygen delivery is compromised and rapidly restored upon oxygen delivery restoration. Whether 'oxygen conforming' of force production occurs during voluntary muscle activation in humans and whether it is exercise intensity dependent remains unknown. What is the main finding and its importance? Here, we show in humans that force at a given voluntary muscle activation does conform to a decrease in oxygen delivery and recovers rapidly and completely with restoration of oxygen delivery.

The acute effect of a laboratory shame induction protocol on endothelial function in young, healthy adults.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Shame is a form of social stress that involves internalizing social devaluations imposed by others. The aim of this study was to determine, for the first time, how acutely experienced shame impacts endothelial function. What is the main finding and its importance? Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, an index of endothelial function, was impaired after an intervention that acutely increased self-reported shame.

Longitudinal Associations Between e-Cigarette Use, Cigarette Smoking, Physical Activity, and Recreational Screen Time in Canadian Adolescents.

Introduction: This study examined longitudinal associations between e-cigarette use, cigarette smoking, physical activity, and recreational screen time (ST) in a cohort of Canadian adolescents (ages 14-17 years; grades 9-12).

Aims And Methods: Data from 5951 adolescents who participated in COMPASS Year 4 (2015-2016; baseline) and Year 6 (2017-2018; follow-up) were used. Exposures included e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking.

The impact of repeated, local heating-induced increases in blood flow on lower limb endothelial function in young, healthy females.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of repeated, single leg heating on lower limb endothelial function.

Methods: Macrovascular function was assessed with superficial femoral artery (SFA) reactive hyperemia flow-mediated dilation (RH-FMD) and sustained stimulus FMD (SS-FMD). Calf microvascular function was assessed as the peak and area under the curve of SFA reactive hyperemia (RH).

Individual variation of follicular phase changes in endothelial function across two menstrual cycles.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? The purpose of this study was to determine intra-individual reproducibility of follicular phase changes in endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation) over two menstrual cycles in healthy, premenopausal women. What is the main finding and its importance? Phase changes in endothelial function were not consistent at the individual level across two menstrual cycles, which challenges the utility of interpreting individual responses over one cycle.

Abstract: Evidence regarding the impact of menstrual phase on endothelial function is conflicting, and studies to date have examined responses only over a single cycle.