Development of a Taxonomy of Policy Interventions for Integrating Nurse Practitioners into Health Systems.

Background: Nurse practitioners (NPs)-nurses with advanced training who can provide and prescribe care-are increasingly prevalent internationally. The growth of NPs can be attributed to physician shortages, growing demand for health services, and the professionalization of nursing. Ensuring efficacious integration of NPs into the health system is critical for maximizing their impact on patient and system outcomes.

Capturing Potential Interventions for the Empowerment of Older People and Informal Caregivers in Transitional Care Decision-Making: A Qualitative Study Using Focus Groups.

Aim: To capture older people's, informal caregivers' and health professionals' ideas on potential interventions for empowering older people and informal caregivers in transitional care decision-making.

Design: A descriptive qualitative design was adopted.

Methods: The study was conducted between February and May 2022 in the region of Flanders, Belgium, as part of the TRANS-SENIOR consortium's collaborative research.

An exploration of available methods and tools to improve the efficiency of systematic review production: a scoping review.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are time-consuming and labor-intensive to perform. With the growing number of scientific publications, the SR development process becomes even more laborious. This is problematic because timely SR evidence is essential for decision-making in evidence-based healthcare and policymaking.

The effects of shared decision making on health outcomes, health care quality, cost, and consultation time: An umbrella review.

Objective: To review the effects of shared decision making (SDM) on health outcomes, health care quality, cost, and consultation time METHODS: We conducted an umbrella review and searched systematic reviews on SDM from PubMed, CINHAL, and Web of Science. We included reviews on SDM interventions used in a health care setting with patients. We assessed the eligibility of retrieved articles and evaluated whether the review addressed Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) characteristics.

Perspectives on low-value care and barriers to de-implementation among primary care physicians: a multinational survey.

Background: Healthcare costs are rising worldwide. At the same time, a considerable proportion of care does not benefit or may even be harmful to patients. We aimed to explore attitudes towards low-value care and identify the most important barriers to the de-implementation of low-value care use in primary care in high-income countries.

Evaluation of an automated feedback intervention to improve antibiotic prescribing among primary care physicians (OPEN Stewardship): a multinational controlled interrupted time-series study.

Tools to advance antimicrobial stewardship in the primary health care setting, where most antimicrobials are prescribed, are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate OPEN Stewarship (Online Platform for Expanding aNtibiotic Stewardship), an automated feedback intervention, among a cohort of primary care physicians. We performed a controlled, interrupted time-series study of 32 intervention and 725 control participants, consisting of primary care physicians from Ontario, Canada and Southern Israel, from October 2020 to December 2021.

An Evaluation of the Impact of an OPEN Stewardship Generated Feedback Intervention on Antibiotic Prescribing among Primary Care Veterinarians in Canada and Israel.

An interrupted time-series study design was implemented to evaluate the impact of antibiotic stewardship interventions on antibiotic prescribing among veterinarians. A total of 41 veterinarians were enrolled in Canada and Israel and their prescribing data between 2019 and 2021 were obtained. As an intervention, veterinarians periodically received three feedback reports comprising feedback on the participants' antibiotic prescribing and prescribing guidelines.

Strategies for engaging older adults and informal caregivers in health policy development: A scoping review.

Background: Care for older adults is high on the global policy agenda. Active involvement of older adults and their informal caregivers in policy-making can lead to cost-effective health and long-term care interventions. Yet, approaches for their involvement in health policy development have yet to be extensively explored.

Impaired O2 unloading from stored blood results in diffusion-limited O2 release at tissues: evidence from human kidneys.

The volume of oxygen drawn from systemic capillaries down a partial pressure gradient is determined by the oxygen content of red blood cells (RBCs) and their oxygen-unloading kinetics, although the latter is assumed to be rapid and, therefore, not a meaningful factor. Under this paradigm, oxygen transfer to tissues is perfusion-limited. Consequently, clinical treatments to optimize oxygen delivery aim at improving blood flow and arterial oxygen content, rather than RBC oxygen handling.

Bridging language barriers in developing valid health policy research tools: insights from the translation and validation process of the SHEMESH questionnaire.

Background: The use of research tools developed and validated in one cultural and linguistic context to another often faces challenges. One major challenge is poor performance of the tool in the new context. This potentially impact the legitimacy of health policy research conducted with informal adaptations of existing tools which have not been subjected to formal validation.

Avoidable Care Transitions: A Consensus-Based Definition Using a Delphi Technique.

Background And Objectives: Older adults are at increased risk of frequent transitions between care settings, even though some care transitions are avoidable. The term "avoidable care transitions" is not clearly defined in the research literature. This study aimed to find a consensus-based definition for "avoidable care transitions.

Understanding factors affecting the integration of geriatric nurse practitioners into health systems.

Background: Geriatric nurse practitioners (NPs) are introduced into health systems to alleviate provider shortages and improve care for older adults. To achieve these goals, geriatric NPs must be integrated into the health system such that they can efficaciously practice. Internationally, little is known about factors affecting the integration of NPs.

Assessing the country-level involvement of nurses in COVID-19 vaccination campaigns: A qualitative study.

Background: As each country individually manages the COVID-19 pandemic, mass vaccination campaigns have varied considerably. Implementation campaigns often depend on nurses; however, nurses are not consistently involved in higher-level planning, prioritization, and policy development decisions. This study aimed to examine the involvement and engagement of nurses in country-level COVID-19 mass vaccination policies and practices in 10 Office of Economic Cooperation and Development countries, identify barriers and factors to enhancing the engagement of nurses in the evidence-informed mass vaccination decision-making processes, and suggest areas for improvement.

Unravelling the determinants of medical practice variation in referrals among primary care physicians: insights from a retrospective cohort study in Southern Israel.

Objectives: Reducing medical practice variation (MPV) is a central theme of system improvement because it is associated with poor health outcomes, increased costs and disparities in care. This study aimed to estimate the extent to which each determinant (patient, physician, clinic) explains MPV among primary care physicians and to identify the characteristics of health services with a greater explained variance.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of primary care physicians practising in non-private clinics of Clalit Health Services in Southern Israel, for longer than a year between 2011 and 2017 and with more than 100 adult patients per practice.

Desirable attributes of theories, models, and frameworks for implementation strategy design in healthcare: a scoping review protocol.

Implementation strategies can facilitate the adoption of evidence-based practices and policies. A wide range of theoretical approaches-theories, models, and frameworks-can be used to inform implementation strategy design in different ways (e.g.

Evaluating trends in private equity ownership and impacts on health outcomes, costs, and quality: systematic review.

Objective: To review the evidence on trends and impacts of private equity (PE) ownership of healthcare operators.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and SSRN.

Perceptions of shared decision making in gastroenterology and inflammatory bowel disease: A qualitative analysis.

Objective: Shared decision-making (SDM) is the partnership and discussion between clinicians and patients to make an appropriate decision based on scientific evidence and patient preferences. Many benefits are associated with SDM; however, little is known about its awareness or use by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) clinicians in gastroenterology departments across Israel. This study aims to identify barriers and facilitators in implementing SDM as standard practice to achieve optimal disease management and personalized care for patients with IBD.

Potential social marketing applications for knowledge translation in healthcare: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Knowledge translation has emerged as a practice and a science to bridge the gap between evidence and practice in healthcare. While the field has appropriately borrowed from other related fields to advance its science, there remain fields less mined. One such field with potential relevance to knowledge translation, but limited application to date, is social marketing.

Rethinking the path from evidence to decision-making.

Evidence-informed decision-making is increasingly recognized as a standard for policymaking in many fields, including public health. However, many challenges exist in identifying the appropriate evidence, disseminating it to different stakeholders, and implementing it in various settings. The Israel Implementation Science and Policy Engagement Centre (IS-PEC) was established at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev to "bridge the gap" between scientific research and policy.

Delphi survey on the most promising areas and methods to improve systematic reviews' production and updating.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are invaluable evidence syntheses, widely used in biomedicine and other scientific areas. Tremendous resources are being spent on the production and updating of SRs. There is a continuous need to automatize the process and use the workforce and resources to make it faster and more efficient.

Transitional care decision-making through the eyes of older people and informal caregivers: An in-depth interview-based study.

Background: Older people with multifaceted care needs often require treatment and complex care across different settings. However, transitional care is often inadequately managed, and older people and their informal caregivers are not always sufficiently heard and/or supported in transitional care decision-making.

Objective: To explore older people's and informal caregivers' experiences with, views on, and needs concerning empowerment in transitional care decision-making.

Interventions for the empowerment of older people and informal caregivers in transitional care decision-making: short report of a systematic review.

Background: Care transitions across different settings necessitate careful decision-making for all parties involved, yet research indicates that older people and informal caregivers do not have a strong voice in such decisions.

Objective: To provide a systematic overview of the literature about interventions designed to empower older people and informal caregivers in transitional care decision-making.

Design: A systematic review (Prospero Protocol CRD42020167961; funded by the EU's Horizon 2020 program).