Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Primary Brain Tumors Through Radiomic Features: A Metric for Guided Radiation Treatment Planning.

Purpose The definition of radiotherapy target volume is a critical step in treatment planning for all tumor sites. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pulse sequences are used for the definition of the gross target volume (GTV) and the contouring of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and meningioma. We propose the use of multiparametric MRI combined with radiomic features to improve the texture-based differentiation of tumor from edema for GTV definition and to differentiate vasogenic from tumor cell infiltration edema.

An unusual cause of acute headache: subarachnoid free air secondary to spontaneous bronchopleurodurosubarachnoid fistula from a Pancoast tumor.

Pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachis are related to transgression of the barriers to the central nervous system. We present a patient with a Pancoast tumor treated with palliative chemoradiation who developed symptomatic spinal and intracranial air caused by spontaneous bronchopleurodurosubarachnoid fistula secondary to direct tumor invasion into the thecal sac.

The postradiation neck: evaluating response to treatment and recognizing complications.

Objective: We summarize the rationale for and physiology of radiation therapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer and review the imaging findings of expected changes and complications after radiation to the neck. It is important to be able to recognize these features at all stages during management of patients with squamous cell carcinoma and other head and neck malignancies and to be able to distinguish these changes from residual or recurrent disease.

Conclusion: Radiation therapy results in imaging findings of tissue edema followed by fibrosis, scarring, and atrophy.

MR imaging of the thoracic inlet.

The thoracic inlet serves as the junction between the neck and the chest. As such, it is sometimes considered a sort of "no-man's-land" between the well-defined and comfortable territories of the thoracic radiologist and that of the head and neck radiologist. Crucial digestive, respiratory, vascular, lymphatic, and neural structures traverse the thoracic inlet.

Pediatric extraskeletal osteosarcoma.

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a rare malignant tumor composed of mesenchymal cells comprising approximately 1% of soft-tissue sarcomas and 4% of all osteosarcomas. Primary osseous osteosarcomas more commonly develop in children and adolescents, but there are very few reports of ESOS occurring in those younger than 40 years. These variants of high-grade osteosarcoma are often characterized histopathologically by the production of an osteoid matrix and bone from malignant osteoblasts that by definition are present in the soft tissue outside the normal skeletal anatomy.