Semaglutide as a possible therapy for healthy aging: Targeting the hallmarks of aging.

With an aging population, the investigation of therapies that promote healthy aging becomes increasingly urgent. Here we discuss how Semaglutide can be a potential therapy to contribute to this goal by targeting key hallmarks of aging, such as inflammation, oxidative stress and stem cell exhaustion.

Sphingolipid and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels in Women with Obesity after Combined Physical Training.

Obesity causes metabolic changes, such as the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, physical exercise promotes protection against these diseases. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate whether combined physical training can improve the metabolic system of women with obesity, reducing plasma concentrations of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and sphingolipids, regardless of weight loss.

Sarcobesity: New paradigms for healthy aging related to taurine supplementation, gut microbiota and exercise.

Enigmatic sarcopenic obesity is still a challenge for science and adds to the global public health burden. The progressive accumulation of body fat combined with a dysfunctional skeletal muscle structure and composition, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and anabolic resistance, among other aggravating factors, together represent the seriousness and complexity of treating the metabolic disorder of sarcobesity in aging. For this reason, further studies are needed that encourage the support of therapeutic management.

The role of interleukin-10 in mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress in aged mice through exercise.

Although unfolded protein response (UPR) is essential for cellular protection, its prolonged activation may induce apoptosis, compromising cellular longevity. The aging process increases the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in skeletal muscle. However, whether combined exercise can prevent age-induced ER stress in skeletal muscle remains unknown.

Intermittent fasting and high-intensity interval training do not alter gut microbiota composition in adult women with obesity.

Obesity is advancing at an accelerated pace, and yet its treatment is still an emerging field. Although studies have demonstrated the role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity, this is the first study to show the effects of intermittent fasting (IF), combined or not with exercise, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the gut microbiota composition in women with obesity. Our hypothesis is that IF combined with HIIT can promote the remodeling of the composition and function of the gut microbiota.

Physical activity and batokines.

Brown and beige adipose tissue share similar functionality, being both tissues specialized in producing heat through nonshivering thermogenesis and also playing endocrine roles through the release of their secretion factors called batokines. This review elucidates the influence of physical exercise, and myokines released in response, on the regulation of thermogenic and secretory functions of these adipose tissues and discusses the similarity of batokines actions with physical exercise in the remodeling of adipose tissue. This adipose tissue remodeling promoted by autocrine and paracrine batokines or physical exercise seems to optimize its functionality associated with better health outcomes.

Randomised Controlled Trial of Fish Oil Supplementation on Responsiveness to Resistance Exercise Training in Sarcopenic Older Women.

This study aims to investigate the effects of fish oil supplementation on the muscle adaptive response to resistance exercise training, physical performance and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic older women. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is performed with thirty-four sarcopenic women (2010 European Consensus of Sarcopenia), aged ≥ 65 years. The participants are allocated into the following two groups: Exercise and Fish Oil (EFO) and Exercise and Placebo (EP).

Untargeted lipidomic analysis of plasma from obese women submitted to combined physical exercise.

This study aimed to determine the changes of lipidome in obese women undergoing combined physical exercise training. Fourteen adult women with obesity (mean BMI and age, 33 kg/m and 34 ± 5 years), were submitted to combined physical training (aerobic and strength exercises, alternately, 55 min at 75-90% of the maximum heart rate, 3 times a week) for 8 weeks. All participants were evaluated before and after the training intervention for lipidome, anthropometric measurements, muscle strength, and maximum oxygen consumption (VOmax).

Taurine as a possible antiaging therapy: A controlled clinical trial on taurine antioxidant activity in women ages 55 to 70.

Objective: Based on the antioxidant effects of taurine, which are capable of controlling oxidative stress in the aging process, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of taurine supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress in women 55 to 70 y of age.

Methods: A double-blind study was conducted with 24 women (61.4 ± 4.

Taurine supplementation in conjunction with exercise modulated cytokines and improved subcutaneous white adipose tissue plasticity in obese women.

Interventions that can modulate subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) function, such as exercise training and nutritional components, like taurine, modulate the inflammatory process, therefore, may represent strategies for obesity treatment. We investigated the effects of taurine supplementation in conjunction with exercise on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in plasma and scWAT of obese women. Sixteen obese women were randomized into two groups: Taurine supplementation group (Tau, n = 8) and Taurine supplementation + exercise group (Tau + Exe, n = 8).

Effect of Protein and Carbohydrate Combined with Resistance Training on Muscular Adaptation.

The purpose was to compare the effects of protein (whey protein) and carbohydrate supplementation and protein alone both combined with resistance training on muscle strength, muscle mass and total training volume progression in untrained young men. Resistance training was performed using the leg press and knee extension until concentric failure (8-12 repetition maximum), three times a week for eight weeks. Muscle strength and muscle cross-sectional area were assessed before and after training.

Taurine supplementation associated with exercise increases mitochondrial activity and fatty acid oxidation gene expression in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue of obese women.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of taurine supplementation associated or not with chronic exercise on body composition, mitochondrial function, and expression of genes related to mitochondrial activity and lipid oxidation in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) of obese women.

Methods: A randomized and double-blind trial was developed with 24 obese women (BMI 33.1 ± 2.

Correction to: Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Protein blend and casein supplementations before inactive phase similarly activate mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling in rat skeletal muscle.

During overnight sleep, the longest postabsorptive and inactive phase of the day causes protein catabolism and loss. However, the daytime ingestion of dairy proteins has been shown to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and growth. This study compared the effects of pre-sleep supplementation of a protein blend (PB) composed of micellar casein (MCa) and whey protein (1:1) versus isolate MCa on the plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and the activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, a critical intracellular pathway involved in the regulation of muscle protein synthesis.

Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance.

Background: Investigations of β-alanine supplementation shows effects on metabolic (aerobic and anaerobic) participation and performance on swimming by a possible blood acidosis buffering. Considering this background, the objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of β-alanine supplementation on metabolic contribution and performance during 400-m swim.

Methods: Thirteen competitive swimmers underwent a 6-week, double-blind placebo-controlled study, ingesting 4.

Taurine Supplementation Increases Post-Exercise Lipid Oxidation at Moderate Intensity in Fasted Healthy Males.

Based on the fact that taurine can increase lipid metabolism, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of acute taurine supplementation on lipid oxidation levels in healthy young men after a single bout of fasting aerobic exercise. A double-blind, acute, and crossover study design was conducted. Seventeen men (age 24.

The effects of short-term combined exercise training on telomere length in obese women: a prospective, interventional study.

Background: Telomere length is inversely associated with the senescence and aging process. Parallelly, obesity can promote telomere shortening. Evidence suggests that physical activity may promote telomere elongation.

Açai pulp supplementation as a nutritional strategy to prevent oxidative damage, improve oxidative status, and modulate blood lactate of male cyclists.

Purpose: Açai pulp is a source of phytochemicals and has been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antigenotoxic effects. This study aimed to assess the effects of açai pulp consumption on oxidative, inflammatory, and aerobic capacity markers of cyclist athletes.

Research Methods And Procedures: A crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind study was developed with ten male cyclists (33.

Physical training, UCP1 expression, mitochondrial density, and coupling in adipose tissue from women with obesity.

Background: Exercise training may improve energy expenditure, thermogenesis, and oxidative capacities. Therefore, we hypothesized that physical training enhances white adipose tissue mitochondrial oxidative capacity from obese women.

Objective: To evaluate mitochondrial respiratory capacity, mitochondrial content, and UCP1 gene expression in white adipose tissue from women with obesity before and after the physical training program.

Taurine supplementation increases irisin levels after high intensity physical training in obese women.

Background: Irisin is a myokine/adipokine that under stimulus of physical exercise is able to improve thermogenic capacity in adipose tissue. Likewise, taurine supplementation has demonstrated similar effects on energy metabolism. Therefore, we hypothesized that taurine supplementation combined with physical training may induce an increase in irisin concentrations, optimizing energy metabolism in obese individuals.

Cocoa flavanol effects on markers of oxidative stress and recovery after muscle damage protocol in elite rugby players.

Objectives: Strenuous exercise can impair athletic performance due to muscular inflammation and oxidative stress. Antioxidants such as cocoa flavanols have been used as a supplement to prevent oxidative stress; however, the benefits of dietary antioxidants for athletic performance after muscle soreness (MS) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cocoa flavanols after a MS inducing protocol.

Taurine supplementation can increase lipolysis and affect the contribution of energy systems during front crawl maximal effort.

Taurine can affect the energy system metabolism, specifically the lipid metabolism, since an increase in lipid oxidation may promote carbohydrate savings. We hypothesized that taurine supplementation associated with high-intensity exercise could increase levels of lipolysis, benefiting swimmer performance. Nine male competitive swimmers performed two 400-m front crawl maximal efforts with a 1-week washout, and the athletes received 6 g of taurine (TAU) or placebo (PLA) supplementation 120 min before performing the effort.