Management Considerations for the Older Adult With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

As the prevalence of older adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising, understanding the unique challenges in both diagnosis and management is becoming increasingly important. Knowledge of phenotypic differences as well as overlapping symptoms with other medical conditions is critical to obtaining a timely diagnosis of IBD in older adults. Although older adults with IBD are at higher risk for adverse events compared with younger adults with IBD, recent data have suggested that ongoing disease activity may be a significant driver of adverse clinical outcomes rather than use of current treatment modalities.

Burden and risk factors for inappropriate Clostridioides Difficile infection testing among hospitalized patients.

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the burden and risk factors for inappropriate Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) testing.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study among adults hospitalized between 2010 and 2019. Inappropriate CDI testing was defined as a formed stool specimen, an order within 7 days of a previously negative test, or an order within 24 hours of laxative administration.

Pregnant Women's Current and Intended Cannabis Use in Relation to Their Views Toward Legalization and Knowledge of Potential Harm.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate pregnant women's current use of cannabis and their intended patterns of use with relation to their views on the legalization of cannabis and their knowledge of potential harms.

Methods: A voluntary, anonymous survey regarding patterns of use of cannabis and views on legalization was distributed to a convenience sample of pregnant women presenting for prenatal care at an outpatient university clinic. Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests were used for analysis using STATA.

Histone deacetylase inhibitor AR-42 enhances E7-specific CD8⁺ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity induced by therapeutic HPV DNA vaccination.

Unlabelled: We have previously created a potent DNA vaccine encoding calreticulin linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenic protein E7 (CRT/E7). While treatment with the CRT/E7 DNA vaccine generates significant tumor-specific immune responses in vaccinated mice, the potency with the DNA vaccine could potentially be improved by co-administration of a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) as HDACi has been shown to increase the expression of MHC class I and II molecules. Thus, we aimed to determine whether co-administration of a novel HDACi, AR-42, with therapeutic HPV DNA vaccines could improve the activation of HPV antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells, resulting in potent therapeutic antitumor effects.