Exercise-primed extracellular vesicles improve cell-matrix adhesion and chondrocyte health.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been suggested to transmit the health-promoting effects of exercise throughout the body. Yet, the mechanisms by which beneficial information is transmitted from extracellular vesicles to recipient cells are poorly understood, precluding a holistic understanding of how exercise promotes cellular and tissue health. In this study, using articular cartilage as a model, we introduced a network medicine paradigm to simulate how exercise facilitates communication between circulating EVs and chondrocytes, the cells resident in articular cartilage.

Longitudinal Ultrasound-Guided Injection Curriculum for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residents.

Physiatrists are increasingly using musculoskeletal ultrasound for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, a standardized longitudinal curriculum for instructing physical medicine and rehabilitation residents in performing ultrasound-guided interventional procedures has yet to be established. The purpose of this study is to develop and assess the effectiveness of a longitudinal curriculum in training residents to perform common ultrasound-guided musculoskeletal injections using fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens.