Damage Control Surgery in the Era of Globalization of Health Care - Military and International Outcomes: A SystematicReview.

Introduction: Damage Control Surgery (DCS) is a surgical technique used to manage critically ill and injured patients. This study examines the most recent 10-y outcomes related to DCS, with the secondary goal of scrutinizing the outcomes after DCS across surgical theaters.

Methods: Studies published between 2012 and 2021 that described adult patients undergoing Abdominal DCS after traumatic injury were included.

The relationship between anticholinergic burden and frailty in the year preceding a diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies.

Introduction: Little is known regarding the relationship between anticholinergic medications and frailty in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).

Methods: Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale (ACB) and Claims-based Frailty Index scores were calculated for 12 months prior to the dementia diagnosis using electronic medical record and claims data. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between ACB and odds of frailty.

Distinguishing Prodromal Dementia With Lewy Bodies From Prodromal Alzheimer Disease: A Longitudinal Study.

Background And Objectives: It can be clinically challenging to differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer disease (AD). As potential therapies emerge with the goal of slowing or halting misfolded protein aggregation, it is imperative to be able to identify individuals before the disease becomes disabling. Differentiating between DLB and AD in the preclinical or prodromal phase of DLB and AD becomes more important.

Factors Associated With Increased Health Care Utilization for Patients With Dementia With Lewy Bodies: A Narrative Review.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that dementia is associated with increased utilization of health care services, which in turn results in increased costs of care. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is associated with greater costs of care relative to other forms of dementia due to higher rates of hospitalization and nursing home placement directly related to neuropsychiatric symptoms, parkinsonism, increased susceptibility to delirium, and elevated rates of caregiver burden. There is a critical need for researchers to identify potentially modifiable factors contributing to increased costs of care and poor clinical outcomes for patients with DLB, which may include comorbidities, polypharmacy/contraindicated medications, and access to specialty care.

Colchicine and/or Naltrexone for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Not Requiring High Levels of Ventilatory Support (COLTREXONE): A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Trial.

We assessed the efficacy and safety of colchicine and low-dose naltrexone (LDN), alone and in combination, in preventing progression to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this prospective, randomized, open-label trial, colchicine and LDN were compared to standard of care (SOC) in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 not requiring high levels of ventilatory support. Patients were randomly assigned to colchicine alone, LDN alone, colchicine/LDN in combination, or SOC.

COVID-19 vaccine uptake among non-US-born populations in the United States, 2020-2022.

Background: In the United States (US), COVID-19 vaccination rates among non-US-born individuals (i.e., refugees, immigrants, and migrants [RIM]) are variable.

Identifying Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation.

Objective: To investigate whether racial, ethnic, and linguistic disparities exist at discharge from an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) by examining change in Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores and discharge destination.

Design: This is a retrospective study using our IRF's data from the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation from 2013-2019. FIM scores and discharge destination were compared between race, language, and ethnic groups, with adjustment for patient characteristics.

An Electronic Teen Questionnaire, the eTeenQ, for Risk Behavior Screening During Adolescent Well Visits in an Integrated Health System: Development and Pilot Implementation.

Background: Screening for risk behaviors is a routine and essential component of adolescent preventive health visits. Early identification of risks can inform targeted counseling and care. If stored in discrete fields in the electronic health record (EHR), adolescent screening data can also be used to understand risk behaviors across a clinic or health system or to support quality improvement projects.

Diffusion Restriction in the Splenium: A Comparative Study of Cytotoxic Lesions of the Corpus Callosum (CLOCCs) versus Lesions of Vascular Etiology.

Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) have broad differential diagnoses. Differentiating these lesions from lesions of vascular etiology is of high clinical significance. We compared the clinical and radiological characteristics and outcomes between vascular splenial lesions and CLOCCs in a retrospective cohort study.

Care coordination in primary care: mapping the territory.

Objective: To document the current approaches to care coordination among different types of care systems in Minnesota.

Study Design: Observational survey of leaders of most of the care systems in Minnesota that have implemented care coordination.

Methods: Survey questions about organizational structure, size, and approach to care coordination were sent to the leaders of 42 care systems with a total of 327 primary care clinics.

Diffusion-Restricted Lesions of the Splenium: Clinical Presentation, Radiographic Patterns, and Patient Outcomes.

Background And Objectives: Diffusion-restricted (DR) lesions of the splenium are encountered in a wide variety of pathologies, and their significance is often unclear. We sought to report the spectrum of clinical presentations, neuroimaging patterns, and the predictors of radiographic and clinical outcomes from DR splenial lesions.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study from January 1, 2009, to August 1, 2020.

The Impact of Stimulant Medications on Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: To describe changes in blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI) associated with stimulant medication fills in children.

Methods: Observational, retrospective matched cohort study of children 6-17.9 years initiating stimulant medication between 7/1/2010-6/30/2017 matched 1:3 by age, race, ethnicity, and sex to children with no stimulant use during this period.

Describing Racial Disparity in Hypertension Control in a Large Minnesota Outpatient Practice.

Introduction: This analysis is a part of ongoing quality improvement efforts aiming at improving hypertension control among various racial minority groups seen in a large outpatient practice with a special focus on two war refugee populations, the Hmong and the Somali populations.

Method: Deidentified medical records were reviewed for adult hypertensive patients who had an outpatient encounter with a hypertension diagnosis during the years 2015 through 2019. The study outcome was the rate of uncontrolled hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, and stratified by race, age, and gender.

Potentially Preventable Readmissions After Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation.

Objective: The aim of the study is to identify causes and risk factors for potentially preventable readmissions of patients discharged from an inpatient rehabilitation facility.

Design: Our hospital billing database was used to identify patients discharged from our inpatient rehabilitation facility between 2013 and 2018 and experienced a potentially preventable readmission within 90 days ( n = 75). Retrospective chart review was completed to obtain clinical data.

Factor Analysis in Distinguishing Coronavirus Disease 2019 From Other Influenza-like Illness Using a Validated Patient-Reported Outcome Instrument FLU-PRO Plus: A Prospective Real-world Cohort Study.

Background/objective: InFLUenza Patient-reported Outcome (FLU-PRO Plus) is a 34-item patient-reported outcome instrument designed to capture the intensity and frequency of viral respiratory symptoms. This study evaluates whether FLU-PRO Plus responses could discriminate between symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza-like illness (ILI) with no COVID diagnosis, as well as forecast disease progression.

Methods: FLU-PRO Plus was administered daily for 14 days.

Systematic surveillance of patient-reported symptoms of viral respiratory tract infectious Syndromes in diverse populations.

Background: Patient reported outcome measures (PROM) can improve patient care and be crucial for symptom tracking especially during disease outbreaks. FLU-PRO Plus is a validated PROM used to track viral respiratory symptoms. Our study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using FLU-PRO© Plus, to track symptoms across three healthcare systems.

Is the Promise of PROMs Being Realized? Implementation Experience in a Large Orthopedic Practice.

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), increasingly used for research and quality measurement, are lauded for their potential to improve patient-centered care, both through aggregate reporting and when integrated into clinical practice. However, there are few published studies of the resultant use of PROMs in clinical practice. This case study describes the implementation and use of PROMS in a Midwestern multispecialty medical group orthopedic practice among patients undergoing total knee and hip surgery.

Improving Care for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B via Establishment of a Disease Registry.

In the United States, there is poor clinician adherence to the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease and other guidelines for chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) management. This prospective cohort study evaluated whether a CHB registry improves CHB management. We included patients with CHB aged ≥ 18 years and who had a clinical encounter during September 1, 2016-August 31, 2019.

Readmission to an Acute Care Hospital During Inpatient Rehabilitation After Stroke.

Objective: The aim of the study was to identify causes for readmission to acute care of patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation facility after stroke.

Design: The institutional Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation database was used to identify stroke patients who experienced readmission to acute care and an equal number of age-/sex-matched group of patients who successfully completed their inpatient rehabilitation facility stay during 2005-2018. Retrospective chart review was used to extract clinical data.