Advancing Nurse Practitioner proficiency and confidence: An evaluation of postgraduate training in rural and medically underserved communities.

Background: Nurse practitioners (NPs) are critical in delivering primary health care, especially in underserved and rural areas. Transitioning from academic training to practical application poses challenges, highlighting the need for structured post-licensure training (PLT).

Purpose: To address the knowledge gap regarding the impact of PLT programs on the clinical development, confidence, and care delivery of NPs using an innovative evaluative approach.

Investigating insomnia in United States deployed military forces: A topic modeling approach.

Study Objectives: This retrospective study analyzed free-text clinical notes from medical encounters for insomnia among a sample of deployed US military personnel. Topic modeling, a natural language processing technique, was used to identify thematic patterns in the clinical notes that were potentially related to insomnia diagnosis.

Methods: Clinical notes of patient clinical encounters coded for insomnia from the US Department of Defense Military Health System Theater Medical Data Store were analyzed.

Medical correlates of first-term attrition in US Navy personnel.

Introduction: First-term attrition (FTA), or failure of a military service member to complete their initial service contract, is a major financial burden and source of lost manpower in the US Navy. The objective of the present study was to examine medical correlates of FTA using healthcare and disability rating data.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all US Navy-enlisted personnel between the years 2003 and 2018 with FTA (n=58 777) and regular discharge (n=203 084) were identified for analysis from accession dates in the Career History Archival Medical and Personnel System.

Using Community Health Workers to Improve Health Outcomes in a Sample of Hispanic Women and Their Infants: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

The Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker (MIHOW) program, an early childhood home visiting program, uses community health workers (CHWs) to improve health outcomes in underserved communities. This randomized clinical trial evaluated the impact of MIHOW's use of CHWs on selected maternal/infant outcomes up to 15 months postpartum. We hypothesized outcomes would be better among Hispanic women receiving MIHOW compared to a similar group of women eligible for MIHOW who received only a minimal education intervention (MEI).

Safe and Efficient Performance of Open Tracheostomies in Patients With COVID-19-The Fenestrated Technique.

This case series demonstrates a fenestrated technique of tracheostomy that minimizes aerosolization risks by reducing risk of accidental decannulation and stomal infections while creating a tight seal around the tracheostomy tube.

Correction to: The Efficacy of Using Peer Mentors to Improve Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in Hispanic Families: Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial.

The article "The Efficacy of Using Peer Mentors to Improve Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in Hispanic Families: Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial", written by Melanie Lutenbacher, Tonya Elkins, Mary S. Dietrich and Anais Riggs, was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 31 May 2018 without open access. With the author(s)' decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 16 July 2018 to

The Efficacy of Using Peer Mentors to Improve Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in Hispanic Families: Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction The Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker (MIHOW) program is a home visiting program, utilizing peer mentors to improve maternal/child health outcomes in underserved communities. Findings are presented from a randomized clinical trial (RCT) testing the efficacy of the MIHOW model in a sample of Hispanic women in Tennessee. We hypothesized maternal and infant outcomes would be better in women assigned to MIHOW than women assigned to the minimal education intervention (MEI) group (receipt of educational materials).

The Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker program in low-income families.

Vanderbilt University Medical Center's Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker program (MIHOW) is a community-based intervention dedicated to enhancing birth outcomes and healthy child development. Trained neighborhood women provide home and group services to underserved families in rural and inner city communities. This report describes MIHOW's history and work in Tennessee, Kentucky, West Virginia, Mississippi, and Louisiana.

Ameloblastic fibroma of the maxillary sinus.

Ameloblastic fibroma is a rare true mixed tumor of odontogenic origin with both mesenchymal and ectodermal components. It usually arises from the mandibular dentition and presents in the second decade of life. It is a benign slow growing tumor that is less infiltrative than an ameloblastoma but tends to expand bone.

The complete genome and proteome of Mycoplasma mobile.

Although often considered "minimal" organisms, mycoplasmas show a wide range of diversity with respect to host environment, phenotypic traits, and pathogenicity. Here we report the complete genomic sequence and proteogenomic map for the piscine mycoplasma Mycoplasma mobile, noted for its robust gliding motility. For the first time, proteomic data are used in the primary annotation of a new genome, providing validation of expression for many of the predicted proteins.

The genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa.

Neurospora crassa is a central organism in the history of twentieth-century genetics, biochemistry and molecular biology. Here, we report a high-quality draft sequence of the N. crassa genome.

Gender-related biases in evaluations of sex discrimination allegations: is perceived threat the key?

Hypotheses derived from defensive attribution theory and social identity theory were tested in 3 laboratory experiments examining the effects of plaintiff and observer gender on perceived threat, plaintiff identification, and sex discrimination. In Study 1, women differentiated plaintiffs on the basis of gender, whereas men did not. Study 2 showed that this bias occurred because employment discrimination was personally threatening to women but not to men.

Employee retaliation: the neglected consequence of poor leader-member exchange relations.

Although the beneficial effects of high-quality leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships have been well-documented in the leadership literature, much less is known about the potentially damaging effects of poor exchange relationships. Using 150 intact leader-member dyads, the authors investigated the relationship between LMX and supervisors' reports of employee retaliation behavior, performance, and citizenship. Results indicated that performance and citizenship were positively related to LMX.

Job context, selection decision outcome, and the perceived fairness of selection tests: biodata as an illustrative case.

S. W. Gilliland (1993) has proposed a model of perceived selection system fairness to help understand applicants' prehire and posthire behavior.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in young adults: increasing incidence and factors that predict treatment outcomes.

Objective: This study was designed to determine whether the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT) in young adults has changed during the past 25 years and to determine prognostic factors for young adult patients (aged < 40 years) with SCCOT.

Methods And Patients: A retrospective review of young adults with SCCOT who sought treatment at the M. D.

The treatment of cyclical behavioral changes in women with mental disabilities.

Study Objective: This study aims to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of cyclical behavioral changes in women with mental retardation, as well as the effectiveness of several treatment modalities for this type of behavior.

Design: Retrospective chart analysis.

Setting: University of Michigan clinic for reproductive healthcare of women with mental disabilities.

Evaluating sex discrimination claims: the mediating role of attributions.

The role of attributions in judgments of sex discrimination was examined in 2 laboratory experiments. In Study 1, participants read 1 of 12 brief scenarios in which limited information about the strength of evidence against a fictitious corporation and occupational gender stereotype were manipulated. Results suggested that attributions mediated the relationships between participants' gender, strength of evidence, and discrimination judgments.

An anatomic approach to pelvic hemorrhage during sacrospinous ligament fixation of the vaginal vault.

Objective: To examine the current clinical problem of life-threatening hemorrhage during sacrospinous vaginal vault suspension, define a management solution, and validate current anatomic knowledge of the area involved.

Methods: Ten cadaveric female pelves were dissected from a posterior gluteal approach and from an abdominal approach. The vascularity of the region of the sacrospinous ligament was mapped.

The tension wire method: a simple, effective means of mandibular fixation.

Objective: To investigate the use of a tension wire band secured to monocortical screws for open reduction and internal fixation of simple, displaced, and/or unstable mandibular fractures.

Design: Retrospective review with follow-up duration of at least 6 weeks.

Setting: Level I university trauma center.

Participation in an international medical practice in West Africa.

The author reflects on his personal experiences in West Africa to express the benefits of participation in international medical practice in developing countries. Health care systems, medical emphases, and surgical techniques useful in the United States may be inspired by attempts to manage the extreme problems seen in developing countries. Attitudinal changes that result from international work may be helpful to US physicians and their patients, in the current era of health care.

Accuracy of clinical evaluation in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.

Eighty-two children underwent polysomnography (PSG) for symptoms suggestive of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Symptoms reported included snoring, witnessed apneic episodes, daytime somnolence, mouth breathing, and enuresis. Tonsillar size, nasal airway patency, and percentile weight were recorded.

Integration of a sexuality counseling service into a reproductive health program for persons with mental retardation.

A socialization and sexuality counseling program was instituted as an integral part of a gynecologic service begun at the University of Michigan for persons with mental retardation. One hundred three patients were seen between 1986 and 1989 for counseling. Patients were referred for a variety of reasons, the most common being sexual behavior deemed inappropriate by the referring agent (i.

Intraligamentous nerves as a potential source of pain after sacrospinous ligament fixation of the vaginal apex.

The aim of the study was to investigate the histology of the sacrospinous ligament to determine whether nerve fibers exist within the substance of the sacropinous ligament itself. Six sacrospinous ligaments were removed from 4 fixed female cadavers. Representative segments were taken from the lateral (ischial), middle and medial (sacral) portions of these specimens, sectioned by microtome, mounted, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin dyes.