Capsule endoscopy retention in the upper esophagus: A comprehensive literature review.

Capsule endoscopy is the first-line investigation for small bowel disorders. Capsule retention in the small bowel is the most common adverse event. Retention has also been reported in the upper esophagus; however, guidance for diagnosis and management is lacking.

Non-invasive estimation of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using the 13 C-caffeine breath test.

Background And Aim: Fibrotic progression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with impaired hepatic function. The (13) C-caffeine breath test (CBT) is a non-invasive, quantitative test of liver function. We sought to determine the utility of the CBT in detecting hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD.

Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus: an Australian experience.

Objective: To determine the rate of perinatal hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in an Australian setting and to identify maternal virological factors associated with highest risk of transmission.

Design, Participants And Setting: A prospective, observational study of perinatal transmission of HBV. Participants were pregnant women attending Sydney South West Area Health Service antenatal clinics who tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and their babies.

Patient barriers to optimal cancer pain control.

Poorly controlled pain is a significant problem for cancer patients. Contributing factors may include concerns about analgesics and fears about the implications of pain, which may hinder open communication. We surveyed the prevalence of these concerns in Australian oncology patients and investigated associations with inadequate pain control.