The influence of transformational leadership on employee well-being: results from a survey of companies in the information and communication technology sector in Germany.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a transformational leadership style on employee well-being.

Methods: Data for the study were taken from an on-line survey of all employees from six German companies in the information and communication technology sector. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple logistic regressions.

[Work engagement of hospital physicians: do social capital and personal traits matter?].

Work engagement has been proven to be a viable indicator of physical and mental well-being at work. Research findings have shown a link between work engagement and both individual and organizational resources. The aim of the present study is to test the hypothesized relationships between personal traits (Big-5), the quality of the social work environment (social capital) and work engagement among hospital (n=35) physicians (n=387) in North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

Work-life balance culture, work-home interaction, and emotional exhaustion: a structural equation modeling approach.

Objective: To examine the relationships among employees' emotional exhaustion, positive and negative work-home interaction, and perceived work-life balance culture in companies.

Methods: Data for this study were collected through online surveys of employees from companies in the micro- and nanotechnology sectors (N = 509). A structural equation modeling analysis was performed.

Employees' negative and positive work-home interaction and their association with depressive symptoms.

Background: Depression is the leading cause of disability and high costs worldwide. One possibility for preventing depression in the workplace, which has received little consideration so far, is the promotion of a successful balance between work and personal life. The aim of this study was to investigate employees' negative and positive work-home interaction and their association with depressive symptoms.

The association between active participation in a sports club, physical activity and social network on the development of lung cancer in smokers: a case-control study.

Background: This study analyses the effect of active participation in a sports club, physical activity and social networks on the development of lung cancer in patients who smoke. Our hypothesis is that study participants who lack social networks and do not actively participate in a sports club are at a greater risk for lung cancer than those who do.

Methods: Data for the study were taken from the Cologne Smoking Study (CoSmoS), a retrospective case-control study examining potential psychosocial risk factors for the development of lung cancer.

Exploring the association between social capital and depressive symptoms: results of a survey in German information and communication technology companies.

Objective: This study examines the association between social capital at work and depressive symptoms in employees.

Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected through an online survey with the full population of employees from six companies in the German information and communication technology sector (response rate: 58.4%).

Effect of guideline orientation on the outcomes of peripheral arterial disease in primary care.

Objective: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), an established marker of premature death and cardiovascular risk in general, is highly prevalent. We analysed factors associated with poor outcomes in an observational cohort, with particular focus on the effect of guideline orientation in the management of these patients.

Methods: PACE-PAD is a multicentre, prospective, observational study of PAD patients in primary care.

The relationship between perceived social capital and the health promotion willingness of companies: a systematic telephone survey with chief executive officers in the information and communication technology sector.

Objective: This study examines the association between perceived social capital and health promotion willingness (HPW) of companies from a chief executive officer's perspective.

Methods: Data for the cross-sectional study were collected through telephone interviews with one chief executive officer from randomly selected companies within the German information and communication technology sector. A hierarchical multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.

The relationship between social capital in hospitals and emotional exhaustion in clinicians: a study in four German hospitals.

Background: About 30% of doctors working in inpatient and outpatient departments suffer from burnout, characterized, for example, by emotional exhaustion. The prevention of burnout constitutes a great challenge for those responsible for the healthcare system.

Aims: Research into the relationship between social capital in hospitals and the occurrence of emotional exhaustion in clinicians is still at an early stage.

Burnout in nurses - the relationship between social capital in hospitals and emotional exhaustion.

Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between a hospital's social capital, individual decision latitude, workload and emotional exhaustion in nurses, controlling for age, sex, years of professional experience and job tenure.

Background: In western countries between 15-45% of nurses working in hospitals suffer from burnout, characterised by emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and decreased personal performance. The prevention of burnout constitutes a great challenge to those responsible for the health care system, not least because burnout may cause increasing turnover rates in nurses and lead to medical mistakes.

Associations between emotional exhaustion, social capital, workload, and latitude in decision-making among professionals working with people with disabilities.

Background: Many people working in human services in Western countries suffer from burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased personal performance. Prevention of emotional exhaustion (the first phase of burnout) constitutes a great challenge because emotional exhaustion may cause increasing turnover rates in staff and lead to a lesser quality of care. Prevention of emotional exhaustion requires knowledge of its predictors.

Social capital and risk management in nursing.

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between social capital and clinical risk management in hospitals from nurses' perspective. The results of our investigation suggest that higher values of social capital are associated with better ratings in clinical risk management behavior. An established atmosphere of trust and a feeling of common values and convictions can help nurses integrate clinical risk management into their daily work.

[Health services research activities in North Rhine-Westphalia. An analysis of the project database health services research NRW].

Background And Purpose: Health services research is gaining increasing importance in the field of public health. To present its activities and findings more clearly, the "Clearingstelle Versorgungsforschung NRW" (clearinghouse health services research North Rhine-Westphalia) has set up a database of projects in the field of health services research in North Rhine-Westphalia. This article is evaluating these projects assigning them to specific medical fields, funding resources, methods of data acquisition and key words.

The relationship between social capital in hospitals and physician job satisfaction.

Background: Job satisfaction in the hospital is an important predictor for many significant management ratios. Acceptance in professional life or high workload are known as important predictors for job satisfaction. The influence of social capital in hospitals on job satisfaction within the health care system, however, remains to be determined.

Psychometric evaluation of an instrument to assess patient-reported 'psychosocial care by physicians': a structural equation modeling approach.

Objective: The objective of our study was to develop a theory-based and empirically tested instrument for measuring patient-reported 'psychosocial care by physicians'. We propose a model integrating patients' perceptions with respect to: (i) devotion by physicians, (ii) support by physicians, (iii) information by physicians and (iv) shared decision-making (SDM).

Design: Data were gathered during 2001 within a cross-sectional, retrospective mail survey.