Design and development of a novel supportive care product for the treatment of sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease.

Sialorrhea or excessive drooling is a significant medical issue in Parkinson's disease (PD) and neurodegenerative disorders, although it is often underreported by patients. Sialorrhea affects a large proportion of PD patients, ranging up to 78% in advanced stages, with many PD patients considering drooling as their worst non-motor symptom. Sialorrhea affects up to a million patients with diverse neurological impairments, including cerebral palsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's, survivors of stroke and severe traumatic brain injury.

Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine for severe disorders of consciousness after traumatic brain injury.

Background: The prognosis of long-term severe disorders of consciousness due to traumatic brain injury is discouraging. There is little definitive evidence of the underlying mechanisms, but a deficiency of the dopaminergic system may be involved.

Methods: In a prospective open-labelled clinical study, the feasibility, relative efficacy and safety of continuous subcutaneous (s.