Treatment of intermittent exotropia in children using a lateral rectus fenestration technique.

Purpose: To report the results of bilateral fenestration of the lateral rectus muscle in cases of intermittent exotropia in pediatric patients.

Methods: Children <12 years of age with basic and pseudo-divergence excess type intermittent exotropia who underwent bilateral lateral rectus muscle fenestration were prospectively enrolled in this study. Success was defined as postoperative alignment within 8 of orthotropia in the primary position at the last follow-up.

Extraocular muscle ductions following nasal transposition of the split lateral rectus muscle.

Objective: To quantify changes in ductions following nasal transposition of the split lateral rectus muscle (NTSLR) for treating third nerve palsy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Participants: A single eye from each patient with third nerve palsy treated with NTSLR with ocular motility measurements.

Nasal Transposition of the Split Lateral Rectus Muscle for Strabismus Associated With Bilateral 3-Nerve Palsy.

Purpose: To determine the success rate and complications associated with nasal transposition of the split lateral rectus muscle (NTSLR) for treating bilateral 3-nerve palsy.

Design: Retrospective, interventional case series.

Methods: An international, multicenter registry was used for the study.

Overcorrection after vertical muscle transposition with augmentation sutures in sixth nerve palsy.

Purpose: To report a series of cases, who developed consecutive exodeviation after vertical muscle transposition (VRT) performed for sixth nerve palsy, describe their management and analyse their outcome.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: This is an institutional study on patients who developed consecutive exotropia following VRT for sixth nerve palsy in two different centres.

Treatment of partially accommodative esotropia in children using a medial rectus muscle fenestration technique.

Purpose: To report the results of bilateral fenestration of the medial rectus muscle in cases of partially accommodative esotropia in pediatric patients.

Methods: In this fenestration technique, two splitting incisions are made by blunt dissection parallel to the muscle fibers on the superior and inferior borders of the medial rectus muscle, leaving a thin strip of muscle fibers on each edge. The wide, central part of the muscle is excised from its insertion to a point 5-8 mm from the insertion, depending on the angle of the esotropia.

Comparison between Hummelsheim and Jensen procedures in the management of chronic sixth nerve palsy.

Purpose: To compare the postoperative alignment, degree of improvement of abduction, and complications of the Hummelsheim procedure to the Jensen procedure in chronic sixth nerve palsy, and to calculate the dose-response of both procedures.

Methods: A retrospective study was done on patients who either had Hummelsheim or Jensen procedure for chronic sixth nerve palsy. Demographic characteristics, details of surgical procedure, ductions, versions, and angles of misalignment before and after surgery were analyzed.

Stepped Strabismus Surgery.

Purpose: To present stepped strabismus surgery as a novel technique in cases of small to moderate angle strabismus.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of cases of stepped strabismus surgery from 2010 untill 2018. In stepped surgery, the first muscle is operated on under rapid induction-recovery IV propofol infusion.

Pattern strabismus in consecutive esodeviation after bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession for intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: After bilateral lateral rectus recession for intermittent exotropia, children can develop V- or A-pattern esodeviation and adopt a chin-down or chin-up position to facilitate fusion. The aim of this study was to discuss possible causes and management of this pattern.

Methods: The medical records of children who developed consecutive esodeviation with V- or A-pattern strabismus after surgery for intermittent exotropia but with no pre- or postoperative oblique muscle dysfunction were reviewed retrospectively.

Single-piece femtosecond-assisted mushroom keratoplasty in children.

Purpose: To report outcomes of femtosecond-assisted single-piece mushroom keratoplasty for the treatment of full-thickness corneal disease in pediatric patients with healthy endothelium.

Methods: Femtosecond-assisted mushroom keratoplasty was performed in 8 eyes of 8 patients (age range, 8-17 years) with central full-thickness corneal opacity. The single-piece mushroom-shaped graft consisted of a large anterior portion (9 mm in diameter; 250 μm in thickness) and a small posterior portion (6-6.

Outcomes of bilateral lateral rectus recession in treatment of recurrent exotropia after bilateral medial rectus resection.

Purpose: To report the results of bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession for recurrent exotropia in cases where the primary surgery was a bilateral medial rectus resection.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of 15 subjects who completed 6 months of follow-up. Data collected included patients' demographics and pre- and post-operative measurements of ocular alignment and motility.

A randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of topical antibiotic steroid combination versus no treatment after fornix-incision strabismus surgery.

Purpose: To compare comfort and inflammation in patients treated with postoperative topical antibiotic steroids in one eye versus no treatment in the other eye.

Methods: This prospective, randomized single-masked study included all patients with planned symmetrical strabismus surgery via fornix incision. One eye was randomly assigned to topical postoperative tobramycin-dexamethasone and the other eye was not treated.

Developing and validating a simple and cost-effective strabismus surgery simulator.

Purpose: To demonstrate that a nonbiologic strabismus surgery simulator is not inferior to a biologic wet lab for teaching the key steps of strabismus surgery.

Methods: A total of 41 medical students were randomly assigned to one of two groups: biologic wet lab or nonbiologic simulator. The students trained according to the group's protocol then participated in a recorded final assessment using a realistic strabismus surgery model.

ACCIDENTAL DUPLICATION: Bilateral medial rectus resection for primary large angle exotropia.

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.

Bilateral medial rectus resection for primary large-angle exotropia.

Background: Surgical treatments for large-angle exotropia include bilateral lateral rectus recession, recession-resection procedures, and three- and four-muscle surgery. Undercorrection and limitation of abduction are common complications of these procedures. This study reports the results of bilateral medial rectus resection as a first procedure for primary large-angle exotropia.

Vertical Muscle Transposition with Augmentation for Treatment of Exotropia Caused by Iatrogenic Lost Medial Rectus Muscle.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of vertical muscle transposition with augmentation in cases of exotropia caused by iatrogenic lost medial rectus muscle.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 5 cases of lost medial rectus with exotropia and marked limitation of adduction that underwent surgery. All cases had a history of strabismus surgery on the medial rectus and failed attempt at retrieval of the lost muscle.

Improved visual acuity and recognition time in nystagmus patients following four-muscle recession or Kestenbaum-Anderson procedures.

Purpose: Many patients describe more rapid recognition of objects after surgical procedures for nystagmus; however, this "recognition time" is not reflected in the parameters typically studied in these patients. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of nystagmus surgery on visual acuity and recognition time.

Methods: In this prospective, interventional, comparative case series, patients with nystagmus were divided into two groups.

Recession of three muscles to reduce ocular oscillations in patients with Heimann-Bielschowsky phenomenon.

Heimann-Bielschowsky phenomenon (HBP) refers to unilateral vertical nystagmoid eye movements associated with long-standing monocular poor vision. The monocular vertical oscillations of HBP occasionally have large amplitudes and may be cosmetically objectionable and/or functionally disturbing. We report 2 cases of HBP in which recession of the superior rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles were successful in ameliorating the amplitude of oscillations.