Impact of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors on Cognition in the HAILO Cohort.

Background: Integrase inhibitors (INSTIs) have been associated with poorer cognition in people with HIV (PWH). We examined the impact of switching to INSTIs on neuropsychological (NP) outcomes in PWH 40 years of age and older.

Methods: From the AIDS Clinical Trials Group observational cohort study, HAILO, we identified PWH who switched to INSTIs, had ≥2 NP assessments before and at least 1 after switch, and maintained viral suppression while on INSTIs.

Exercise Training to Improve Brain Health in Older People Living With HIV: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: With the advent of antiretrovirals, people living with HIV are living near-normal lifespans. However, people living with HIV are at greater risk of experiencing cognitive impairment and reduced brain integrity despite well-controlled viremia. A robust literature supports exercise interventions as a method of improving cognition and structural brain integrity in older individuals without HIV.

The Structural and Functional Correlates of Frailty in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: Persons with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk of frailty, a clinically recognizable state of increased vulnerability resulting from aging-associated decline in multiple physiologic systems. Frailty is often defined by the Fried criteria, which includes subjective and objective standards concerning health resiliency. However, these frailty metrics do not incorporate cognitive performance or neuroimaging measures.

Falls: a marker of preclinical Alzheimer disease: a cohort study protocol.

Introduction: Progression to symptomatic Alzheimer disease (AD) occurs slowly over a series of preclinical stages. Declining functional mobility may be an early indicator of loss of brain network integration and may lead to an increased risk of experiencing falls. It is unknown whether measures of functional mobility and falls are preclinical markers of AD.

Diffusion Basis Spectral Imaging Detects Ongoing Brain Inflammation in Virologically Well-Controlled HIV+ Patients.

Inflammation occurs after HIV infection and persists, despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures HIV-associated white matter changes, but can be confounded by inflammation. Currently, the influence of inflammation on white matter integrity in well-controlled HIV+ patients remains unknown.

Effect of HAART on Brain Organization and Function in HIV-Negative Subjects.

HIV causes neural dysfunction in infected individuals. This dysfunction often manifests as cognitive symptoms and can be detected using neuroimaging. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), in addition to providing virologic control, has reduced the number of profoundly impaired individuals but more mild forms of neurocognitive disorders remains prevalent.

Impact of human immunodeficiency virus on neurocognition and risky behaviors in young adults.

Previous studies have identified cognitive impairments due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adults. However, few studies have examined the impact of HIV on cognition in young adults (18-24 years old). Yet, this group is one of the largest populations of individuals with new HIV infection.

The Alzheimer's disease-8 and Montreal Cognitive Assessment as screening tools for neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected persons.

The diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive impairment is time-intensive and often omitted in busy outpatient settings. Brief screening tools are needed. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-8 have been used in neurodegenerative disorders.

Capitol hill staff workers' experiences of bioterrorism: qualitative findings from focus groups.

Little systematic information is available on mental health issues related to bioterrorism. Five focus groups were conducted with Capitol Hill office staff (n = 28 total participants) to learn about their experience of the anthrax incident on October 15, 2001. More than 2,000 verbal passages were coded into categories and themes by using qualitative analysis software.

Concerns of Capitol Hill staff workers after bioterrorism: focus group discussions of authorities' response.

Systematic studies of mental health effects of bioterrorism on exposed populations have not been carried out. Exploratory focus groups were conducted with an exposed population to provide qualitative data and inform empirical research. Five focus groups of 28 political worker volunteers were conducted 3 months after the October 15, 2001, anthrax attack on Capitol Hill.