Emergency department use and hospital admission in children following ambulatory surgery: a retrospective population-based cohort study.

Introduction: Paediatric ambulatory surgery (same day surgery and planned same day discharge) is more frequently being performed more in Canada and around the world; however, after surgery children may return to hospital, either through the emergency department (ED) or through a hospital admission (HA). The aim of this study was to determine the patient characteristics associated with ED visits and HA in the 3 days following paediatric ambulatory surgery.

Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study used de-identified health administrative database housed at ICES and included residents of Ontario, younger than 18 years of age, who underwent ambulatory surgery between 2014 and 2018.

Risk Factors Associated with Skin Tear Development in the Canadian Long-term Care Population.

Background: Skin tears (STs) are prevalent wounds found in aging populations and in particular among those living in long-term care (LTC) settings. They are often misunderstood as expected outcomes of aging and as a result are frequently underrecognized and undertreated. Although many factors have been associated with ST development, there is little evidence to corroborate their roles as ST risks.

Pain and haemorrhage are the most common reasons for emergency department use and hospital admission in adults following ambulatory surgery: results of a population-based cohort study.

Background: Advances in healthcare delivery have allowed for the increase in the number of ambulatory surgery procedures performed in Canada. Despite these advances, patients return to hospital following discharge. However, the reason for unplanned healthcare use after ambulatory surgery in Canada is not well understood.

Skin tear prevalence and incidence in the long-term care population: a prospective study.

Objective: The World Health Organization estimates that between 2015 and 2050 the proportion of the world's population over 60 years old will nearly double from 12% to 22%. An often overlooked byproduct of ageing is the skin changes associated with it, which heighten the risk of developing skin tears. Despite this presumed increased risk, the true impact of skin tears across age groups and care settings is poorly understood.

Ten-year risk of complication and mortality after total hip arthroplasty in morbidly obese patients: a population study.

Background: The relationship between morbid obesity and long-term patient outcomes after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been understudied. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between morbid obesity and 10-year complications (revision surgery, reoperation, dislocation) and mortality in patients undergoing primary THA.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of patients aged 45–74 years who underwent primary THA for osteoarthritis between 2002 and 2007 using Ontario administrative health care databases.

Leading Indicators in Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems in Healthcare: A Quasi-Experimental Longitudinal Study.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of implementing interventions guided by six leading indicators, and the effectiveness of these interventions on improving employee's perception of their organization's health and safety climate.

Method: A quasi-experimental longitudinal design was used in two hospitals. Occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) were assessed using the Leading Indicator Assessment Tool.

A population-based study of prescribing trends in a potentially vulnerable paediatric population from 1999 to 2012.

Objectives: There is a limited understanding of paediatric medication prescribing trends and patterns, thus poorly positioning decision-makers to identify quality and safety concerns related to medication use. The objective of this study was to determine overall medication prescribing trends and patterns among children receiving Ontario Drug Benefits over a thirteen-year period in the province of Ontario, Canada.

Methods: Administrative health databases housed within the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Ontario, Canada, were used to identify outpatient prescriptions dispensed from 1999 to 2012 through a publicly funded programme to children ≤18 years of age.

Knowledge and Attitudes about Pain Management among Canadian Nursing Students.

Background: Poorly managed pain is a problem that affects individuals, entire health care systems, and societies worldwide. Nurses are involved in pain management, yet little is known about the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students.

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine preregistration nursing students' knowledge and attitudes about the assessment and management of pain.

A population profile of older adults with prescription encounters with nurse practitioners and family physicians in Ontario: a descriptive retrospective cohort study.

Background: Compared with patients in family physician practices, there is a poor understanding at a population level of patients in nurse practitioner practices. The study aim was to use Ontario administrative databases to identify the sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities of patients aged 65 years and older who were prescribed medications by nurse practitioners and family physicians between 2000 and 2015.

Methods: This population-based descriptive retrospective cohort study included patients 65 years of age and older with Ontario Health Insurance Plan eligibility and at least 1 prescription encounter with a nurse practitioner or family physician during the study period.

Help-seeking behavior among community-dwelling adults with chronic pain.

: Some individuals with chronic pain do not seek care. This decision may be due to characteristics of the individual, pain, and/or their health professional(s). : This study aimed to identify and compare features of individuals with chronic pain, their pain and general health, and their health care professional between community-dwelling adults who did and did not seek care.

Measures of movement and mobility used in clinical practice and research: a scoping review protocol.

The first objective of this scoping review is to identify all tools designed to measure movement or mobility in adults. The second objective is to compare the tools to the conceptual definitions of movement and mobility by mapping them against the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).The specific questions that will be answered for each tool by the mapping are.

Ten-Year Mortality and Revision After Total Knee Arthroplasty in Morbidly Obese Patients.

Background: Although morbid obesity has been associated with early surgical complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), evidence of long-term outcomes is limited. We conducted a population-based study to determine the association between morbid obesity and 10-year survival and revision surgery in patients undergoing primary TKA.

Methods: A cohort study of 9817 patients aged 18-60 years treated with primary TKA from April 1, 2002 to March 31, 2007 was conducted using Ontario administrative health-care databases of universal health-care coverage.

A study of leading indicators for occupational health and safety management systems in healthcare.

Background: In Ontario, Canada, approximately $2.5 billion is spent yearly on occupational injuries in the healthcare sector. The healthcare sector has been ranked second highest for lost-time injury rates among 16 Ontario sectors since 2009 with female healthcare workers ranked the highest among all occupations for lost-time claims.

Team composition and chronic disease management within primary healthcare practices in eastern Ontario: an application of the Measuring Organizational Attributes of Primary Health Care Survey.

Background: Various organizational-level attributes are being implemented in primary healthcare to improve healthcare delivery. There is a need to describe the distribution and nature of these attributes and explore differences across practices.AimThe aim of this study was to better understand organizational attributes of primary care teams, focusing specifically on team composition, nursing roles, and strategies that support chronic disease management.

Barriers and facilitators to postoperative pain management in Rwanda from the perspective of health care providers: A contextualization of the theory of planned behavior.

Aims: Identify opportunities to improve knowledge translation for post-operative pain management in Rwanda by exploring clinician and environmental factors affecting this practice.

Methods: The theory of planned behavior (TPB) guided development of a questionnaire to measure intent to assess and treat postoperative pain. Focus groups and individual interviews were used to contextualize the final questionnaire and generate questions related to pain management practice.

A Canadian Survey of Self-Management Strategies and Satisfaction with Ability to Control Pain: Comparison of Community Dwelling Adults with Neuropathic Pain versus Adults with Non-neuropathic Chronic Pain.

Background: Individuals with chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics (CPNC) describe a different pain experience compared with those with chronic pain without neuropathic characteristics (CP).

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe and compare pain, self-management strategies, and satisfaction with ability to control pain between adults with CPNC versus CP.

Participants: Seven hundred and ten community-dwelling adults with chronic pain participated in a cross-sectional survey.

Combination Analgesic Development for Enhanced Clinical Efficacy (CADENCE Trial): Study Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of an Alpha-Lipoic Acid - Pregabalin Combination for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Pain.

Background: Fibromyalgia is a clinical disorder commonly presenting with chronic widespread pain as well as sleep disturbance, fatigue, depression, and cognitive dysfunction. There is an urgent need for treatment strategies that provide better pain relief and fewer adverse effects (AEs). Efforts to develop rational combinations of specific fibromyalgia treatments have demonstrated potential for measurable improvements in pain relief, quality of life, and health care utilization.

What Are the Barriers and Facilitators for the Self-Management of Chronic Pain with and without Neuropathic Characteristics?

Chronic pain requires affected individuals to self-manage their health. This study compared barriers and facilitators of self-management in two groups of people with chronic pain: those with and without neuropathic characteristics. A cross-sectional survey study of community-dwelling Canadians was conducted.

Pain Improvement With Novel Combination Analgesic Regimens (PAIN-CARE): Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) (including painful diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, etc) affects approximately 7% to 8% of the population and is associated with a devastating symptom burden as well as a profound economic impact for patients, their families, and the health care system. Current therapies have limited efficacy and dose-limiting adverse effects (AEs). Rational combination therapy with carefully selected NP drugs has shown potential for measurable improvements in pain relief, quality of life, and health care use.

Sensitivity of the DN4 in Screening for Neuropathic Pain Syndromes.

Objectives: Several tools have been developed to screen for neuropathic pain. This study examined the sensitivity of the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 Questions (DN4) in screening for various neuropathic pain syndromes.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in 7 Canadian academic pain centers between April 2008 and December 2011.

Guided Internet-based Psycho-educational Intervention Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Self-management for Individuals with Chronic Pain: A Feasibility Study.

When considering barriers to chronic pain treatment, there is a need to deliver nonpharmacological therapies in a way that is accessible to all individuals who may benefit. To conduct feasibility testing using a guided, Internet-based intervention for individuals with chronic pain, a novel, Internet-based, chronic pain intervention (ICPI) was developed, using concepts proven effective in face-to-face interventions. This study was designed to assess usability of the ICPI and feasibility of conducting larger-scale research, and to collect preliminary data on effectiveness of the intervention.

Pain Management Strategies and Health Care Use in Community-Dwelling Individuals Living with Chronic Pain.

Objective: To describe factors associated with high clinic and emergency room (ER) use among individuals with chronic pain.

Design: This study is part of a larger cross-sectional survey on the epidemiology of chronic pain in Canada. The current analysis was guided by the Andersen-Newman Service Utilization Model.

Development of a Guided Internet-based Psycho-education Intervention Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Self-Management for Individuals with Chronic Pain.

Evidence-based chronic pain treatment includes nonpharmacologic therapies. When addressing barriers to treatment, there is a need to deliver these therapies in a way that is accessible to all individuals who may benefit. To develop a guided Internet-based intervention for individuals with chronic pain, program content and sequence of evidence-based treatments for chronic pain, traditionally delivered via in-person sessions, were identified to be adapted for Internet delivery.

Evaluating the Association Between Acute and Chronic Pain After Surgery: Impact of Pain Measurement Methods.

Aim/objectives/background: There is a need to predict chronic (Z3mo) postsurgical pain (CPSP). Acute (<7 d) pain is a predictor, that is, more severe pain is associated with higher CPSP risk. However, reported associations vary widely.

Patient safety in practical nurses' education: A cross-sectional survey of newly registered practical nurses in Canada.

Background: Practical nurses have experienced an increasing scope of practice, including an expectation to care for complex patients and function on interdisciplinary teams. Little is known about the degree to which patient safety principles are addressed in practical nursing education.

Purpose: To examine self-reported patient safety competencies of practical nurses.