The role of HPV16 in oral cavity and laryngeal cancers in the United States.

In addition to oropharyngeal cancers, evidence suggests there may be an etiologic role for human papillomavirus (HPV) in some other head and neck cancers arising from the oral cavity and larynx. We estimated the burden of HPV16-attributable cancers of the oral cavity (ICD-O-3 site codes C02.0-C02.

Cognitive assessment in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS): a cognitive substudy of the multi-site clinical assessment of ME/CFS (MCAM).

Introduction: Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) experience cognitive problems with attention, information processing speed, working memory, learning efficiency, and executive function. Commonly, patients report worsening of cognitive symptoms over time after physical and/or cognitive challenges. To determine, monitor, and manage longitudinal decrements in cognitive function after such exposures, it is important to be able to screen for cognitive dysfunction and changes over time in clinic and also remotely at home.

Long COVID and recovery from Long COVID: quality of life impairments and subjective cognitive decline at a median of 2 years after initial infection.

Background: Recovery from SARS CoV-2 infection is expected within 3 months. Long COVID occurs after SARS-CoV-2 when symptoms are present for more than 3 months that are continuous, relapsing and remitting, or progressive. Better understanding of Long COVID illness trajectories could strengthen patient care and support.

WHO International Standards for antibodies to HPV6 HPV11 HPV31 HPV33 HPV45 HPV52 and HPV58.

Previously established World Health Organization (WHO) International Standards (IS) for anti-HPV16 and HPV18 antibodies are used to harmonize results across human papillomavirus (HPV) serology assays. Here, we present an international collaborative study to establish ISs for antibodies against HPV6 (NIBSC code 19/298), HPV11 (20/174), HPV31 (20/176), HPV33 (19/290), HPV45 (20/178), HPV52 (19/296) and HPV58 (19/300). The candidate standards were prepared using sera from naturally infected individuals.

Vaccine effectiveness against anal HPV among men who have sex with men aged 18-45 years attending sexual health clinics in three United States cities, 2018-2023.

Background: We assessed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine effectiveness (VE) against anal HPV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in 2018-2023.

Methods: Residual anal specimens from MSM without HIV ages 18-45 years were tested for HPV. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between vaccination (≥1 dose) and quadrivalent vaccine (4vHPV)-type prevalence adjusting for city, race/ethnicity, and non-vaccine-type HPV prevalence, stratified by age group (18-26, 27-45).

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Importance: Chronic symptoms reported following an infection with SARS-CoV-2, such as cognitive problems, overlap with symptoms included in the definition of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of ME/CFS-like illness subsequent to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, changes in ME/CFS symptoms through 12 months of follow-up, and the association of ME/CFS symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 test results at the acute infection-like index illness.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, multisite, longitudinal cohort study (Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry [INSPIRE]) enrolled participants from December 11, 2020, to August 29, 2022.

Classification Accuracy and Description of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in an Integrated Health Care System, 2006-2017.

Introduction: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic illness characterized by marked functional limitations and fatigue. Electronic health records can be used to estimate incidence of ME/CFS but may have limitations.

Methods: The authors used International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnosis codes to identify all presumptive cases of ME/CFS among 9- to 39-year-olds from 2006 to 2017.

Scrotal Cancer Incidence Rates and Trends-United States, 1999-2020.

Objective: To examine population-level scrotal cancer incidence rates and trends among adult men in the United States.

Methods: Data from the United States Cancer Statistics, covering approximately 96% of the United States population, were analyzed to calculate age-standardized incidence rates of scrotal cancer among men aged 18 years and older from 1999 to 2020. Trends in incidence rates were evaluated by age, race and ethnicity, Census region, and histology using joinpoint regression.

Immunogenicity of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine among Alaska Native children aged 9-14 years at 5 years after vaccination.

Background: Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can cause anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Many HPV infections and HPV-associated cancers are vaccine-preventable. Studies suggest long-term persistence of vaccine-induced antibodies.

U.S. Women with Invasive Cervical Cancer: Characteristics and Potential Barriers to Prevention.

Although invasive cervical cancer (ICC) rates have declined since the advent of screening, the annual age-adjusted ICC rate in the United States remains 7.5 per 100,000 women. Failure of recommended screening and management often precedes ICC diagnoses.

Determinants of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Concordance Across Anatomic Sites in Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women, 3 U.S. Cities, 2016-2018.

Background: Among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW), the dynamics of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections at different anatomical sites are not well understood. Information on HPV concordance between anatomic sites can inform the extent of autoinoculation, and susceptibility of different anatomic areas to HPV infection. We described and assessed correlates of HPV concordance across anal, oral, and genital samples.

Recommendations for Use of p16/Ki67 Dual Stain for Management of Individuals Testing Positive for Human Papillomavirus.

Objectives: The Enduring Consensus Cervical Cancer Screening and Management Guidelines Committee developed recommendations for dual stain (DS) testing with CINtec PLUS Cytology for use of DS to triage high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive results.

Methods: Risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse were calculated according to DS results among individuals testing HPV-positive using data from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California cohort and the STudying Risk to Improve DisparitiES study in Mississippi. Management recommendations were based on clinical action thresholds developed for the 2019 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Risk-Based Management Consensus Guidelines.

Enduring Consensus Guidelines for Cervical Cancer Screening and Management: Introduction to the Scope and Process.

Objectives: The Enduring Consensus Cervical Cancer Screening and Management Guidelines (Enduring Guidelines) effort is a standing committee to continuously evaluate new technologies and approaches to cervical cancer screening, management, and surveillance.

Methods And Results: The Enduring Guidelines process will selectively incorporate new technologies and approaches with adequate supportive data to more effectively improve cancer prevention for high-risk individuals and decrease unnecessary procedures in low-risk individuals. This manuscript describes the structure, process, and methods of the Enduring Guidelines effort.

Estimates of Incidence and Predictors of Fatiguing Illness after SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

This study aimed to estimate the incidence rates of post-COVID-19 fatigue and chronic fatigue and to quantify the additional incident fatigue caused by COVID-19. We analyzed electronic health records data of 4,589 patients with confirmed COVID-19 during February 2020-February 2021 who were followed for a median of 11.4 (interquartile range 7.

High impact of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine across racial/ethnic groups: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2006 and 2015-2018.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical as well as other cancers. Racial and ethnic disparities in cervical cancer incidence and mortality in the United States are well documented. HPV vaccination has been recommended in the United States since 2006 and is expected to prevent HPV-attributable cancers in all racial/ethnic groups.

Immunogenicity of 2 or 3 Doses of 9vHPV Vaccine in U.S. Female Individuals 15 to 26 Years of Age.

BACKGROUND: Within the United States, a 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccine (HPV-6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) is recommended as a two-dose series among individuals 9 to 14 years of age and a three-dose series among those 15 to 26 years of age. Data comparing two versus three doses of 9vHPV vaccine among individuals 15 to 26 years of age are limited. METHODS: We report on an ongoing, single-blinded, randomized noninferiority trial of the 9vHPV vaccine among individuals 15 to 26 years of age in the United States.

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Adults: United States, 2021-2022.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex, multisystem illness characterized by activity-limiting fatigue, worsening of symptoms after activity, and other symptoms (1). It affects all age, sex, and racial and ethnic groups and costs the U.S.

Impact of age at vaccination and cervical HPV infection status on binding and neutralizing antibody titers at 10 years after receiving single or higher doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine.

Long-term follow-up of a cohort of unmarried girls who received one, two, or three doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine, between 10 and 18 years of age, in an Indian multi-centric study allowed us to compare antibody responses between the younger and older age cohorts at 10-years post-vaccination, and study the impact of initiation of sexual activity and cervical HPV infections on antibody levels. Among the younger (10-14 years) recipients of a single dose, 97.7% and 98.

P16 expression and recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after cryotherapy among women living with HIV.

Background: The expression of p16 protein, a surrogate marker for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV), is associated with cervical dysplasia. We evaluated correlates of p16 expression at treatment for high-grade cervical lesions and its utility in predicting the recurrence of cervical intraepithelial lesions grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) following cryotherapy among women with HIV.

Methods: This is a subgroup analysis of women with HIV in Kenya with baseline cervical biopsy-confirmed CIN2+ who were randomized to receive cryotherapy and followed every six-months for two-years for biopsy-confirmed recurrence of CIN2+.