Development of a physiologically based model for oseltamivir and simulation of pharmacokinetics in neonates and infants.

Background: Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling can assist in the development of drug therapies and regimens suitable for challenging patient populations such as very young children. This study describes a strategy employing PBPK models to investigate the intravenous use of the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir in infants and neonates with influenza.

Methods: Models of marmoset monkeys and humans were constructed for oseltamivir and its active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate (OC).

An investigation of the photo-clastogenic potential of ultrafine titanium dioxide particles.

Ultrafine titanium dioxide is widely used in a number of commercial products including sunscreens and cosmetics. There is extensive evidence on the safety of ultrafine titanium dioxide. However, there are some published studies indicating that some forms at least may be photogenotoxic, photocatalytic and/or carcinogenic.