Patient-reported outcomes, and perceptions and knowledge about recurrence in women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Purpose: Over half of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer recurrences occur >5 years from diagnosis, however, little is known about well-being or breast cancer risk perceptions and knowledge in long-term HR+ breast cancer survivors.

Methods: From 1/2021 to 1/2022, we surveyed patients with a history of stage II/III, HR+ breast cancer, ≥5 years from diagnosis, without recurrence about concerns and perceptions related to their diagnosis and recurrence risk, physical and emotional health, knowledge, and risk reduction. Logistic regression identified factors associated with overestimation of 5-10 year distant recurrence risk.

Technology, data, people, and partnerships in addressing unmet social needs within Medicaid Managed Care.

Background: Individuals with unmet social needs experience adverse health outcomes and are subject to greater inequities in health and social outcomes. Given the high prevalence of unmet needs among Medicaid enrollees, many Medicaid managed care organizations (MCOs) are now screening enrollees for unmet social needs and connecting them to community-based organizations (CBOs) with knowledge and resources to address identified needs. The use of screening and referral technology and data sharing are often considered key components in programs integrating health and social services.

PACE: A Randomized Phase II Study of Fulvestrant, Palbociclib, and Avelumab After Progression on Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor and Aromatase Inhibitor for Hormone Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6is) are an important component of treatment for hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC), but it is not known if patients might derive benefit from continuation of CDK4/6i with endocrine therapy beyond initial tumor progression or if the addition of checkpoint inhibitor therapy has value in this setting.

Methods: The randomized multicenter phase II PACE trial enrolled patients with hormone receptor-positive/HER2- MBC whose disease had progressed on previous CDK4/6i and aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy. Patients were randomly assigned 1:2:1 to receive fulvestrant (F), fulvestrant plus palbociclib (F + P), or fulvestrant plus palbociclib and avelumab (F + P + A).

Preparing community pharmacy teams for health information exchange (HIE).

Background: Health information exchanges (HIEs) facilitate health care professionals' electronic sharing of patient information across different organizations. When community pharmacists have access to HIE, they can further contribute to improved patient outcomes. However, several implementation challenges are noted, which impede sustained pharmacist access to HIE.

Introduction to digital health course.

Digital health is health care delivery that connects and empowers people and populations to manage health and wellness through technology. This mode of health care delivery has increased exponentially since the COVID-19 pandemic with most hospitals and health systems offering digital health services. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) published The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education which digital health education helps to partially meet four of these competencies.

Detection of traumatic stress in the presence of traumatic experiences: the role of resilience factors in foster care children five years or younger.

Background: Children less than five years of age comprised approximately 30% in 2020 of foster care entries in the United States, and they are consistently the largest foster care entry group. Very young children can respond differently to the same adverse life events. Detection of complex interpersonal traumas is core to providing appropriate interventions and prevention of reoccurring negative outcomes in these children.

Locus coeruleus neuromelanin accumulation and dissipation across the lifespan.

The pigment neuromelanin, produced in the locus coeruleus (LC) as a byproduct of catecholamine synthesis, gives the "blue spot" its name, and both identifies LC neurons and is thought to play an important yet complex role in normal and pathological aging. Using neuromelanin-sensitive T1-weighted turbo spin echo MRI scans we characterized volume and neuromelanin signal intensity in the LC of 96 participants between the ages of 19 and 86. Although LC volume did not change significantly throughout the lifespan, LC neuromelanin signal intensity increased from early adulthood, peaked around age 60 and precipitously declined thereafter.

Attention-dependent coupling with forebrain and brainstem neuromodulatory nuclei changes across the lifespan.

Attentional states continuously reflect the predictability and uncertainty in one's environment having important consequences for learning and memory. Beyond well known cortical contributions, rapid shifts in attention are hypothesized to also originate from deep nuclei, such as the basal forebrain (BF) and locus coeruleus (LC) neuromodulatory systems. These systems are also the first to change with aging.

Nonlinear changes in pupillary attentional orienting responses across the lifespan.

The cognitive aging process is not necessarily linear. Central task-evoked pupillary responses, representing a brainstem-pupil relationship, may vary across the lifespan. Thus we examined, in 75 adults ranging in age from 19 to 86, whether task-evoked pupillary responses to an attention task may serve in as an index of cognitive aging.

Opioid Use Disorder Curricular Content in US-Based Doctor of Pharmacy Programs.

Objectives: To characterize the instructional settings, delivery methods, and assessment methods of opioid use disorder (OUD) content in Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs; assess faculty perceptions of OUD content; and assess faculty perceptions of a shared OUD curriculum.

Methods: This national, cross-sectional, descriptive survey study was designed to characterize OUD content, faculty perceptions, and faculty and institutional demographics. A contact list was developed for accredited, US-based PharmD programs with publicly-accessible online faculty directories (n = 137).

Lower Emotional Exhaustion among Employees Is Associated with Intentional Incorporation of Animals into Residential Care Settings.

Secondary effects of animal-integrated programming on residential care center (RCC) staff and organizational culture are not well understood. We explored emotional exhaustion among RCC employees both in facilities that incorporated animals and those that did not incorporate animals into the therapeutic environment. We conducted a survey throughout a large midwestern RCC system in the United States to determine relationships between organizational culture, emotional exhaustion, and the intentionality by which animals were incorporated into programming.

Motherhood Together: Effects of an Adapted Prenatal Curriculum on Mother and Infant Outcomes.

Background: Research shows that pregnant women experiencing housing insecurity are more likely to face barriers to prenatal care that can lead to negative health outcomes for both mother and infant. Previous studies have also shown that prenatal education programs provide pregnant mothers with the knowledge and resources that increase the likelihood of positive health outcomes. An interprofessional healthcare team in Central Arkansas modified an existing prenatal education program to create Motherhood Together, a program specifically tailored for pregnant women facing house insecurity.

COVID-19 and MCO-community partnerships to address enrollee social needs.

Objectives: Many Medicaid managed care organizations (MCOs) now screen enrollees and connect them to community-based organizations (CBOs) to address unmet social needs. COVID-19 has significantly disrupted health care delivery and overall economic activity in the United States. We examined how partnerships between Medicaid MCOs and CBOs to address social determinants of health have been affected by the pandemic.

Interprofessional Naloxone Student Training to Manage Suspected Opioid Overdose.

Purpose: The study purpose was to examine the effect of interprofessional naloxone training on students' knowledge, confidence, and interprofessional collaboration competency. The overarching goal was to decrease mortality related to opioid overdoses.

Design/methods: A training session for interprofessional students consisted of a lecture presentation, demonstration, and hands-on practice regarding appropriate administration of naloxone for suspected opioid overdose.

Remote Virtual Simulation With Prelicensure Nursing Students During Rapid Course Transition.

The advent of COVID-19 required educational programs to rapidly transition courses to the remote environment. A postpartum hemorrhage simulation used within a traditional prelicensure bachelor of science in nursing program was rapidly transitioned to the remote virtual format to meet required social distancing guidelines. This quasi-experimental study examined student knowledge before and after participation in a remote virtual simulation (RVS) with a postanalysis of student confidence and satisfaction.

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination uptake in community health center patients.

Objectives: Previous research on COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy has found that sociodemographic factors including sex, age, education, and occupation were associated with vaccination acceptance, along with other variables like trust in authorities, risk perception of COVID-19 and perception of vaccine efficacy and safety. However, this research has been limited by the use of nonvalidated measures for vaccination hesitancy and utilizing general samples that did not focus on minoritized groups. The purpose of the current study was to use validated methodology to determine factors associated with vaccination uptake in a community sample of predominantly Black and Latinx adults.

Evaluation of Telehealth in Child Behavioral Health Services Delivery During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The authors quantified the impact of the use of telehealth services on patient-level clinical outcomes among children with complex behavioral and emotional needs in Idaho during the COVID-19 pandemic by comparing data collected in 2020 with data for the same months in 2019.

Methods: Longitudinal statewide data of Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS) assessments were extracted from Idaho's mental and behavioral health system. Prepandemic assessments were matched to midpandemic assessments.

Grounding the Attentional Boost Effect in Events and the Efficient Brain.

Attention and memory for everyday experiences vary over time, wherein some moments are better attended and subsequently better remembered than others. These effects have been demonstrated in naturalistic viewing tasks with complex and relatively uncontrolled stimuli, as well as in more controlled laboratory tasks with simpler stimuli. For example, in the (ABE), participants perform two tasks at once: memorizing a series of briefly presented stimuli (e.

A nationwide survey of individual family member experiences of youth gender dysphoria and diversity in Australia.

Background: Previous research has highlighted that youth gender dysphoria (GD) and gender diversity (GDI) are experienced in unique ways by different family members, with youth outcomes significantly influenced by family support and understanding. Few studies on a national level have explored individual family member experiences, specifically family, social and healthcare experiences, involving young people, parent/carers and siblings.

Aims: Using an online survey incorporating circular questioning, this study sought to discover individual family member experiences of youth GD/GDI in Australia, within a family, healthcare, and social context.

Intranasal Use of Prescription Stimulants Among Adults Aged 18 to 30: Results From A Crowdsourcing Platform.

Objective: Few studies of prescription stimulant non-oral, non-medical use (NMU) (defined by use not as prescribed) have been conducted in adults beyond the college population. The purpose of this study was to characterize prescription stimulant non-oral use, specifically intranasal (IN) use (snorting) in young adults.

Method: Amazon's MTurk platform was used to recruit participants for an online survey.

Final Analysis of a Phase 2 Trial of Once Weekly Hypofractionated Whole Breast Irradiation for Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Purpose: We hypothesize that 5-fraction once weekly hypofractionated (WH) whole breast irradiation (WBI) would be safe and effective after breast-conserving surgery for medically underserved patients with breast cancer. We report the protocol-specified primary endpoint of in-breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) at 5 years.

Methods And Materials: After provided informed consent, patients were treated with WH-WBI after breast-conserving surgery were followed prospectively on an institutional review board-approved protocol.