Young and naïve B cells are a diagnostic pitfall in pediatric tonsillectomies.

Tonsillar marginal zone hyperplasia may mimic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, a rare diagnosis in children. Histologically, both entities can demonstrate expansion of the marginal zone with disruption of follicular architecture. However, marginal zone hyperplasia may appear polyclonal by flow cytometry.

Patellar tendon shortening surgery restores the knee extensor mechanism in flexed knee gait in children with cerebral palsy.

Background: This study evaluated a patellar tendon shortening (PTS) surgical procedure that uses an overlapping repair combined with an additional Tycron non-absorbable suture to support the shortening in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). This study aimed to outline this surgical technique and to evaluate its effectiveness in restoring the knee extensor mechanism.

Methods: The sagittal plane lower limb kinematics, peak knee extensor moment, gait deviation index (GDI), localised movement deviation profile (MDP), temporospatial parameters, passive knee extension ROM, quadriceps lag, and knee extensor strength were calculated pre- and postoperatively.

Perimenopausal women's voices: How does their period at the end of reproductive life affect wellbeing?

Objective: To explore perimenopausal women's feelings towards their periods, the impact on their wellbeing and how we can support them.

Study Design: Participants were recruited for focus groups through social media advertisements. In 6 online focus groups, 31 perimenopausal women aged 40-55 living in the UK were asked 5 questions relating to periods and perimenopause, support and education.

Challenges and Potential Solutions to Implementing Phone Coaching in Dialectical Behavior Therapy.

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is an effective treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD), yet many healthcare facilities struggle to implement one of the modes of DBT, phone coaching. The aims of this study were to present barriers and reported solutions regarding the implementation of DBT phone coaching. We conducted a sequential mixed methods national program evaluation that included a quantitative self-report survey completed by Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities (N=59) offering any of the four modes of DBT.

Disgusting Face, Disease-Ridden Place?: Emoji Influence on the Interpretation of Restaurant Inspection Reports.

Every year, millions of Americans get sick from foodborne illness and it is estimated half of all reported instances occur at restaurants. To protect the public, regulators are encouraged to conduct restaurant inspections and disclose reports to consumers. However, inspection reporting format is inconsistent and typically contains information unclear to most consumers who often misinterpret the inspection results.

Experimental Effects of Viewing Thin and Plus-Size Models in Objectifying and Empowering Contexts on Instagram.

To counter the negative effects of viewing unrealistically thin and attractive models in beauty and fashion advertisements, some companies depict women with larger bodies in their advertisement campaigns. Previous experimental evidence suggests women may feel more satisfied with their own bodies immediately after viewing advertisements featuring these models. The current study aimed to extend these findings by examining the moderating role of trait body discrepancies and the presence of objectifying advertising slogans in advertisements.

Helping students cope with adversity: the influence of a web-based intervention on students' self-efficacy and intentions to use wellness-related resources.

To investigate the effects of an online wellness intervention on college students' self-efficacy, intentions to seek help, general resilience and whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) act as a moderating variable. Three-hundred and eighty-two undergraduate students. Students were assigned to two conditions: treatment or control.

A Trauma-Informed Approach to Building College Students' Resilience.

Purpose: This paper describes the development of a new psychoeducational universal prevention resilience program ( https://strong.fsu.edu ) designed to complement existing mental health services at a large public university.

Do Elderly Patients Use Patient-Controlled Analgesia Medication Delivery Systems Correctly?

Background: Although prior studies have shown patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) to be appropriate for use by children and adults, no studies have specifically evaluated the ability of elderly patients to use the technology correctly.

Purpose: To determine whether elderly, postoperative patients can properly use PCA devices.

Methods: Using a descriptive study design, a convenience sample of elderly, postoperative orthopedic patients was observed while using a PCA device and surveyed about the proper use of the device.

Emerging perception of causality in action-and-reaction sequences from 4 to 6 months of age: is it domain-specific?

Two experiments (N=136) studied how 4- to 6-month-olds perceive a simple schematic event, seen as goal-directed action and reaction from 3 years of age. In our causal reaction event, a red square moved toward a blue square, stopping prior to contact. Blue began to move away before red stopped, so that both briefly moved simultaneously at a distance.

Imitation in infancy: the wealth of the stimulus.

Imitation requires the imitator to solve the correspondence problem--to translate visual information from modelled action into matching motor output. It has been widely accepted for some 30 years that the correspondence problem is solved by a specialized, innate cognitive mechanism. This is the conclusion of a poverty of the stimulus argument, realized in the active intermodal matching model of imitation, which assumes that human neonates can imitate a range of body movements.

Goal attribution to schematic animals: do 6-month-olds perceive biological motion as animate?

Infants are sensitive to biological motion, but do they recognize it as animate? As a first step towards answering this question, two experiments investigated whether 6-month-olds selectively attribute goals to shapes moving like animals. We habituated infants to a square moving towards one of two targets. When target locations were switched, infants reacted more to movement towards a new goal than a new location - but only if the square moved non-rigidly and rhythmically, in a schematic version of bio-mechanical movement older observers describe as animal-like (Michotte, 1963).

Unimpaired perception of social and physical causality, but impaired perception of animacy in high functioning children with autism.

We investigated perception of social and physical causality and animacy in simple motion events, for high-functioning children with autism (CA = 13, VMA = 9.6). Children matched 14 different animations to pictures showing physical, social or non-causality.

Imitation of lateralised body movements: doing it the hard way.

Two experiments examined imitation of lateralised body movement sequences presented at six viewing angles (0 degrees , 60 degrees , 120 degrees , 180 degrees , 240 degrees , and 300 degrees rotation relative to the participant's body). Experiment 1 found that, when participants were instructed simply to "do what the model does", at all viewing angles they produced more actions using the same side of the body as the model (anatomical matches), than actions using the opposite side (anatomical non-matches). In Experiment 2 participants were instructed to produce either anatomical matches or anatomical non-matches of observed actions.

Causal perception of action-and-reaction sequences in 8- to 10-month-olds.

Four experiments with 202 8- to 10-month-old infants studied their sensitivity to causation-at-a-distance in schematic events seen as goal-directed action and reaction by adults and whether this depends on attributes associated with animate agents. In Experiment 1, a red square moved toward a blue square without making contact; in "reaction" events blue moved away while red was approaching, whereas in "delay" events blue started after red stopped. Infants were habituated to one event and then tested on its reversal.

Perceived physical and social causality in animated motions: spontaneous reports and ratings.

Michotte argued that we perceive cause-and-effect, without contributions from reasoning or learning, even in displays of two-dimensional moving shapes. Two studies extend this line of work from perception of mechanical to social causality. We compared verbal reports with structured ratings of causality to gain a better understanding of the extent to which perceptual causality occurs spontaneously or depends on instruction or context.

Spatial S-R compatibility effects in an intentional imitation task.

The active intermodal mapping hypothesis suggests that intentional imitation is mediated by a highly efficient, special-purpose mechanism of actor-centered movement encoding. In the present study, using methods from stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility research, we found no evidence to support this hypothesis. In two experiments, the performance of adult participants instructed to imitate actor-centered spatial properties of head, arm, and leg movements was affected by task-irrelevant, egocentric spatial cues.