What makes a city breastfeeding friendly? A qualitative analysis of interviews with breastfeeding women from Europe and Asia.

Background: The warm chain of support is the continuous enabling environment from the mother's first contact with healthcare professionals during early pregnancy, birth and immediate post-partum period, her transition from healthcare facility to home, through to work and the community at large. A breastfeeding-friendly city should be able to support a breastfeeding journey across the warm chain.

Objective: To determine breastfeeding women's perspective of an ideal breastfeeding-friendly city.

Prevalence of food insecurity among caregivers of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland.

Our objectives were to explore the prevalence of food insecurity in primary caregivers of young children in Ireland and to compare two tools for measuring food insecurity during the COVID-19 crisis. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among caregivers of children aged <2 years in Ireland in May/June 2020. Relevant survey questions were closed-ended using two established tools for measuring food poverty/insecurity; the Irish Food Poverty Indicator and the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization.

What makes a city 'breastfeeding-friendly'? A scoping review of indicators of a breastfeeding-friendly city.

A breastfeeding-friendly city is one where there is an enabling environment to support breastfeeding throughout the first 2 years or more of a child's life. Indicators of a breastfeeding-friendly city have yet to be identified. What are the indicators or criteria used to define breastfeeding friendliness in a geographic area such as a city and the settings within, which we have classified as community, healthcare and workplace? Three major databases and grey literature were searched.

Parents' experiences of infant and young child feeding during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland.

Objective: The WHO has urged member states to develop preparedness plans for infant and young child feeding (IYCF) during emergencies. Ireland has no such plan. We aimed to identify the needs of caregivers in Ireland with regards IYCF during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The underlying role of food guilt in adolescent food choice: A potential conceptual model for adolescent food choice negotiations under circumstances of conscious internal conflict.

Food choice decisions are challenging to conceptualise, and literature is lacking specific to adolescent food choice decisions. Understanding adolescent nutrition and food choice is becoming increasingly important. This research aims to understand what influences the food choices of Irish adolescents, and the mental negotiations occurring in food-based decisions.

Gender considerations for supportive supervision in humanitarian contexts: A qualitative study.

Supportive supervision has been shown to improve mental health outcomes and job retention for mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) workers in humanitarian contexts. However, the impact of gender on supervision practices has been poorly evaluated and documented in international guidelines to date. To address this gap, qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 MHPSS staff working in diverse humanitarian contexts to identify key gender considerations in supportive supervision.

Determining the food choice motivations of Irish teens and their association with dietary intakes, using the Food Choice Questionnaire.

During adolescence, teens start making their own food choices. While health and nutrition are important, practical and social concerns are also influential. This study aims to determine factors that motivate the food choices of Irish teens (using Food Choice Questionnaire), using data from the National Teens' Food Survey II (N = 428, 50% male, 13-18 years), and to identify how these motivations relate to dietary intakes (4-day semi-weighed food diaries).

A qualitative analysis of women's postnatal experiences of breastfeeding supports during the perinatal period in Ireland.

Ireland has among the lowest rates of breastfeeding worldwide. Despite policies to support breastfeeding, breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity remain low in Ireland. Greater knowledge about support received in the maternity unit may-in part-shed light on why this is so.

Childhood obesity: overcoming the fear of having healthier weight conversations with families.

Introduction Clinicians may find raising the issue of weight with patients or carers and having healthier lifestyle conversations uncomfortable, out of fear or experience of causing offence. A two-cycle audit was completed in a specialist paediatric dental service to ascertain whether healthier weight conversations were being had with patients and their carers.Materials and methods The inclusion criteria for the audit were paediatric patients who were having a general anaesthetic assessment for dental extractions as a result of dental caries.

The impact of COVID-19 on paediatric dental services and tips for patient management.

Managing paediatric patients in primary dental care while awaiting treatment by the specialist paediatric dental services can be tricky. COVID-19 has had a significant impact on dental services meaning wait times to be seen by a paediatric dental service may have been delayed. This article will discuss the management of paediatric patients in primary dental care and provide an update on some of the latest techniques in paediatric dentistry.

Considerations for health and food choice in adolescents.

The aim of this review is to summarise the common barriers and motivations for healthy food choice among adolescents, with a specific focus on the Irish context where available. It will also discuss other concerns adolescents have, which may influence their food choices and eating habits. Adolescence represents a period of rapid physical, mental and social development, and many health-related habits developed during adolescence tend to persist into adulthood, making the teenage years an optimal time to encourage healthy eating and health-promoting behaviours.

Use of non-invasive ventilation in motor neuron disease - a retrospective cohort analysis.

Motor neuron disease (MND) is a neurodegenerative disorder which leads to progressive muscle weakness including respiratory muscle decline. The introduction of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to improve quality of life, survival and slow the rate of pulmonary function decline. A retrospective chart analysis of patients who attended the MND clinic from 2014 to 2019 at a tertiary-referral, academic, teaching hospital was carried out to evaluate if NIV and greater compliance with NIV was associated with improved survival.

Association between attendance at a specialist palliative care day unit and improvement in patient symptoms and quality of life.

Background: Specialist palliative day care is an area of palliative care which has a notable scarcity of research. Evidence is needed on the role of palliative day care to improve patients' quality of life and symptom management, while recognising the different patient cohorts that use the service.

Aim: To determine the symptoms and quality of life of the patient cohort that are affected by the completion of a full therapeutic cycle (8 to 9 weeks) at a specialist palliative care day unit (SPCDU).

A Qualitative Exploration of the Attitudes and Experiences of Polish Breastfeeding Mothers in Ireland.

Background: Breastfeeding rates in Ireland are among the lowest in the world. Improving the prevalence of breastfeeding is an objective of the Irish Health Service Executive, with the recognition that this would improve public health. Polish people represent the largest immigrant group in Ireland, and Polish women are more likely to initiate breastfeeding than Irish women.

Dietitians supporting breastfeeding: a survey of education, skills, knowledge and attitudes.

Background: Breastfeeding rates in Ireland are among the lowest in the world; thus, it is important to understand what knowledge and skills exist and what are the education needs of dietitians. There has been no Irish research on dietitians' perception of their role in promoting, protecting and supporting breastfeeding.

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the breastfeeding-related education that dietitians participated in, their breastfeeding-related skills, knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding.

Eating behaviour styles in Irish teens: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To describe the eating behaviour styles of Irish teens and to explore the relationships between demographic factors, BMI and dietary intake and these eating behaviour styles.

Design: Cross-sectional data from the Irish National Teens' Food Survey (2005-2006). The Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire assessed three eating behaviour styles in teens: restrained, emotional and external eating.

Nutrition, Behavior Change and Physical Activity Outcomes From the PEARS RCT-An mHealth-Supported, Lifestyle Intervention Among Pregnant Women With Overweight and Obesity.

Diet quality and physical activity positively impact pregnancy outcomes among women with obesity, but successful lifestyle interventions require intense clinician time. We aimed to investigate the impact of a behavioral-lifestyle intervention (PEARS) supported by a smartphone app among pregnant women with overweight and obesity, on nutrient intake, behavioral stage-of-change and physical activity. Pregnant women (BMI 25-39.

Cost-effectiveness of a mobile health-supported lifestyle intervention for pregnant women with an elevated body mass index.

Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of a mobile health-supported lifestyle intervention compared with usual care.

Methods: We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the publicly-funded health care system. We estimated costs associated with the intervention and health care utilisation from first antenatal care appointment through delivery.

An observational analysis of meal patterns in overweight and obese pregnancy: exploring meal pattern behaviours and the association with maternal and fetal health measures.

Background: Nutrient intakes are known to be poorer among pregnant women with raised body mass index (BMI) than those with a healthy BMI. While meal patterns have the potential to influence obstetric, metabolic and anthropometric measures for mother and infant, limited data exists regarding meal patterns among pregnant women with raised BMI.

Aim: To identify categories of meal patterns among pregnant women with overweight and obesity and determine whether patterns change with advancing gestation.

Comparing Alternative Breast Milk Feeding Questions to U.S. Breastfeeding Surveillance Questions.

Most mothers in the United States express their milk, which is then bottle fed to their infants. The National Immunization Survey (NIS), used to report national breastfeeding prevalence, asks about infant breast milk consumption, regardless of whether it is consumed at the mother's breast or from a bottle. The NIS data are often erroneously interpreted, however, to mean prevalence of at-the-breast feeding.

Awareness and prevalence of human milk sharing and selling in the United States.

There are limited data available about the prevalence of human milk (HM) sharing and selling in the general population. We aimed to describe attitudes toward HM selling among participants in a qualitative-interview study and prevalence of HM sharing and selling among a national sample of U.S.

Dental general anaesthetic pre-assessments completed by a specialist-does it change patient outcomes? A UK-based study.

Background: In the United Kingdom, assessments for dental general anaesthetics (DGA), completed by a Specialist in Paediatric Dentistry, are purported to be the gold standard.

Aim: To evaluate the outcome of dental assessments completed by a Specialist in Paediatric Dentistry after a referral for an exodontia DGA by the patients' General Dental Practitioner (GDP).

Design: Six hundred and forty-two sets of notes were reviewed from patients referred for exodontia DGA at a community dental service in the United Kingdom.

Antenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding outcomes among mothers participating in a feasibility breastfeeding-support intervention.

Background: Breastfeeding rates in Ireland are among the lowest worldwide. A feasibility study of a breastfeeding-support intervention explored maternal characteristics associated with antenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy and with infant-feeding mode at 6 weeks postpartum among women giving birth in Ireland.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study across two sites, urban and rural: The National Maternity Hospital (NMH), Dublin and Wexford General Hospital (WGH), Wexford.

Novel DLX3 variants in amelogenesis imperfecta with attenuated tricho-dento-osseous syndrome.

Objectives: Variants in DLX3 cause tricho-dento-osseous syndrome (TDO, MIM #190320), a systemic condition with hair, nail and bony changes, taurodontism and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Different variants found within this gene are associated with different phenotypic presentations. To date, six different DLX3 variants have been reported in TDO.

Pregnancy Exercise and Nutrition With Smartphone Application Support: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a healthy lifestyle package (an antenatal behavior change intervention supported by smartphone application technology) on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in overweight and obese women.

Methods: Women with body mass indexes (BMIs) 25-39.9 were enrolled into this randomized controlled trial.