Uterine Artery Embolization for Mixed Adenomyosis and Fibroids: Outcomes According to Initial Particle Sizes.

Purpose: To characterize the effect of embolic particle size on outcomes of uterine artery embolization (UAE) for mixed adenomyosis/fibroids.

Materials And Methods: A single-center retrospective database was compiled of all patients with mixed adenomyosis/fibroids who underwent UAE with particles (Embosphere, Merit, USA; Embozene, Varian, UK) from September 2015 to May 2022 (n=76, mean age: 46.7 ± 5.

"Mission-Aligned Funds Flow": Effect on Clinical Departments.

Problem: Academic medical centers struggle with the high cost of care, reduced reimbursement, intense competition, and low profit margins. Many factors, including a high proportion of publicly insured patients, a model rewarding procedural specialties, and research and educational support burden, led to faculty salary inequities, physician disengagement, and difficulty recruiting.

Approach: UC Davis Health implemented an aligned funds flow model in July 2021 to create a mission-aligned model in which all departments had financial margins to optimize recruitment, retention, research, and teaching.

Early Detection of Breast Cancer in MRI Using AI.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop and evaluate an AI algorithm that detects breast cancer in MRI scans up to one year before radiologists typically identify it, potentially enhancing early detection in high-risk women.

Materials And Methods: A convolutional neural network (CNN) AI model, pre-trained on breast MRI data, was fine-tuned using a retrospective dataset of 3029 MRI scans from 910 patients. These contained 115 cancers that were diagnosed within one year of a negative MRI.

Retrospective analysis of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry data demonstrates body composition changes with age in dogs and cats.

Objective: Use 18 years of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan data to characterize how body composition changes with age in dogs and cats.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study using data obtained from DEXA scans performed between 2006 and 2023. A total of 6,973 observations from 1,273 colony-housed dogs ≤ 1 to 16.

A multiple x-ray-source array (MXA) system with a planar two-dimensional source distribution for digital breast tomosynthesis.

Background: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has outpaced digital mammography in clinical adoption in the United States; however, substantial technological limitations remain to image quality in DBT, including undersampling from a one-dimensional (1D) scan geometry, x-ray source motion during acquisition, and patient motion artifacts from long exam times.

Purpose: A thermionic cathode x-ray system employing two-dimensional (2D, planar) multiple x-ray-source arrays (MXA) is proposed to improve DBT image quality.

Methods: A 1D MXA, consisting of a linear array of thermionic cathodes was used to simulate a 2D MXA.

Platform-directed allostery and quaternary structure dynamics of SAMHD1 catalysis.

SAMHD1 regulates cellular nucleotide homeostasis, controlling dNTP levels by catalysing their hydrolysis into 2'-deoxynucleosides and triphosphate. In differentiated CD4+ macrophage and resting T-cells SAMHD1 activity results in the inhibition of HIV-1 infection through a dNTP blockade. In cancer, SAMHD1 desensitizes cells to nucleoside-analogue chemotherapies.

Effect of Human Activity and Presence on the Behavior of Long-Tailed Macaques () in an Urban Tourism Site in Kuala Selangor, Malaysia.

The increasing overlap of resources between human and long-tailed macaque () (LTM) populations have escalated human-primate conflict. In Malaysia, LTMs are labeled as a 'pest' species due to the macaques' opportunistic nature. This study investigates the activity budget of LTMs in an urban tourism site and how human activities influence it.

Identifying Preferred Features of Weight Loss Programs for Adults With or at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Discrete Choice Experiment With 3,960 Adults in the U.K.

Objective: To understand preferences for features of weight loss programs among adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes in the U.K.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a discrete choice experiment with 3,960 U.

[WITHDRAWN] Predicting breast cancer with AI for individual risk-adjusted MRI screening and early detection.

This paper has been withdrawn by Lukas Hirsch. Major revisions and rewriting in progress.

Association of Breast Cancer Odds with Background Parenchymal Enhancement Quantified Using a Fully Automated Method at MRI: The IMAGINE Study.

Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has been associated with increased breast cancer risk in several independent studies. However, variability of subjective BPE assessments have precluded its use in clinical practice. Purpose To examine the association between fully objective measures of BPE at MRI and odds of breast cancer.

Genicular Artery Embolization for Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Interim Analysis of a Prospective Pilot Trial Including Effect on Serum Osteoarthritis-Associated Biomarkers.

Purpose: To characterize the safety, efficacy, and potential role of genicular artery embolization (GAE) as a disease-modifying treatment for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Materials And Methods: This is an interim analysis of a prospective, single-arm clinical trial of patients with symptomatic knee OA who failed conservative therapy for greater than 3 months. Sixteen patients who underwent GAE using 250-μm microspheres and had at least 1 month of follow-up were included.

Relative supersaturation values distinguish between feline urinary and non-urinary foods and align with expected urine analytes contributions to uroliths.

Introduction: Uroliths are concretions formed in the urinary tract. These can be problematic in humans and companion animals such as cats. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and calcium oxalate (CaOx) are the most common forms of uroliths.

P3a amplitude to trauma-related stimuli reduced after successful trauma-focused PTSD treatment.

An elevated P3a amplitude to trauma-related stimuli is strongly associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet little is known about whether this response to trauma-related stimuli is affected by treatment that decreases PTSD symptoms. As an analysis of secondary outcome measures from a randomized controlled trial, we investigated the latency and amplitude changes of the P3a in responses in a three-condition oddball visual task that included trauma-related (combat scenes) and trauma-unrelated (threatening animals) distractors. Fifty-five U.

Small Bowel Transit Scintigraphy in Children With Pediatric Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction.

Introduction: Objective evidence of small intestinal dysmotility is a key criterion for the diagnosis of pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO). Small bowel scintigraphy (SBS) allows for objective measurement of small bowel transit (SBT), but limited data are available in children. We aimed to evaluate the utility of SBS in children suspected of gastrointestinal dysmotility.

Imaging of breast cancer-beyond the basics.

Imaging of breast cancer is the backbone of breast cancer screening, diagnosis, preoperative/treatment assessment and follow-up. The main modalities are mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. New emerging technologies have also enabled each modality to improve on their weaknesses.

Economic evaluation of supplemental breast cancer screening modalities to mammography or digital breast tomosynthesis in women with heterogeneously and extremely dense breasts and average or intermediate breast cancer risk in US healthcare.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of supplemental breast imaging modalities for women with heterogeneously and extremely dense breasts and average or intermediate risk of breast cancer (BC) in the USA, and analyze capacity requirements for supplemental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM).

Methods: Clinical and economic outcomes for supplemental imaging modalities including full- and abbreviated-protocol MRI (Fp-MRI, Ab-MRI), CEM, and ultrasound (U/S) as add-on to x-ray mammography (XM) or digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), were compared to XM or DBT alone, in a decision tree linked to a Markov chain validated by comparison with a microsimulation analysis. A Delphi panel supplemented model input parameters from the literature.

Performance of Supplemental Imaging Modalities for Breast Cancer in Women With Dense Breasts: Findings From an Umbrella Review and Primary Studies Analysis.

Breast cancer screening performance of supplemental imaging modalities by breast density and breast cancer risk has not been widely studied, and the optimal choice of modality for women with dense breasts remains unclear in clinical practice and guidelines. This systematic review aimed to assess breast cancer screening performance of supplemental imaging modalities for women with dense breasts, by breast cancer risk. Systematic reviews (SRs) in 2000 to 2021, and primary studies in 2019 to 2021, on outcomes of supplemental screening modalities (digital breast tomography [DBT], MRI (full/abbreviated protocol), contrast enhanced mammography (CEM), ultrasound (hand-held [HHUS]/automated [ABUS]) in women with dense breasts (BI-RADS C&D) were identified.