Imaging Enterobacteriaceae infection in vivo with 18F-fluorodeoxysorbitol positron emission tomography.

The Enterobacteriaceae are a family of rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria that normally inhabit the gastrointestinal tract and are the most common cause of Gram-negative bacterial infections in humans. In addition to causing serious multidrug-resistant, hospital-acquired infections, a number of Enterobacteriaceae species are also recognized as biothreat pathogens. As a consequence, new tools are urgently needed to specifically identify and localize infections due to Enterobacteriaceae and to monitor antimicrobial efficacy.

Denervation atrophy is independent from Akt and mTOR activation and is not rescued by myostatin inhibition.

The purpose of our study was to compare two acquired muscle atrophies and the use of myostatin inhibition for their treatment. Myostatin naturally inhibits skeletal muscle growth by binding to ActRIIB, a receptor on the cell surface of myofibers. Because blocking myostatin in an adult wild-type mouse induces profound muscle hypertrophy, we applied a soluble ActRIIB receptor to models of disuse (limb immobilization) and denervation (sciatic nerve resection) atrophy.

The stomatin-like protein SLP-1 and Cdk2 interact with the F-Box protein Fbw7-γ.

Control of cellular proliferation is critical to cell viability. The F-box protein Fbw7 (hAgo/hCdc4/FBXW7) functions as a specificity factor for the Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex and targets several proteins required for cellular proliferation for ubiquitin-mediated destruction. Fbw7 exists as three splice variants but the mechanistic role of each is not entirely clear.

TGFβ signaling: its role in fibrosis formation and myopathies.

Purpose Of Review: Modifiers of TGFβ signaling have been investigated as treatment options for several types of muscle diseases. The purpose of this review is to focus on the most recent studies that have used this treatment strategy for pathological muscle disorders. We also review the recent insight into the mechanistic processes by which TGFβ signaling contributes to these pathologies by promoting fibrosis formation.

Yra1 is required for S phase entry and affects Dia2 binding to replication origins.

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae F-box protein Dia2 is important for DNA replication and genomic stability. Using an affinity approach, we identified Yra1, a transcription-coupled mRNA export protein, as a Dia2 interaction partner. We find that yra1 mutants are sensitive to DIA2 expression levels.