Appetite-Related Responses to Overfeeding and Longitudinal Weight Change in Obesity-Prone and Obesity-Resistant Adults.

Objective: Appetite responses to 3 days of overfeeding (OF) were examined as correlates of longitudinal weight change in adults classified as obesity prone (OP) or obesity resistant (OR).

Methods: OP (n = 22) and OR (n = 30) adults consumed a controlled eucaloric and OF diet (140% of energy needs) for 3 days, followed by 3 days of ad libitum feeding. Hunger and satiety were evaluated by visual analog scales.

A Toolbox Approach to Obesity Treatment in Urban Safety-Net Primary Care Clinics: a Pragmatic Clinical Trial.

Background: There is a need for new strategies to improve the success of obesity treatment within the primary care setting.

Objective: To determine if patients offered low out-of-pocket cost weight management tools achieved more weight loss compared to usual care.

Design: Twelve-month pragmatic clinical weight loss trial with a registry-based comparator group performed in primary care clinics of an urban safety-net hospital.

Associations Among Dietary Fat Oxidation Responses to Overfeeding and Weight Gain in Obesity-Prone and Resistant Adults.

Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that 3 days of overfeeding (OF) decreases dietary fat oxidation and predicts longitudinal weight change in adults classified as obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR) based on self-identification and personal and family weight history. Changes in diurnal profiles of plasma metabolites and hormones were measured to probe mechanisms.

Methods: Adults identified as OP (n = 22; BMI: 23.

Free-Living Responses in Energy Balance to Short-Term Overfeeding in Adults Differing in Propensity for Obesity.

Objective: Free-living adaptive responses to short-term overfeeding (OF) were explored as predictors of longitudinal weight change in adults classified as having obesity resistance (OR) or obesity proneness (OP) based on self-identification and personal/family weight history.

Methods: Adults identified as OP (n = 21; BMI: 23.8 ± 2.

Twenty-four hour total and dietary fat oxidation in lean, obese and reduced-obese adults with and without a bout of exercise.

Background: It has been hypothesized that obese and reduced-obese individuals have decreased oxidative capacity, which contributes to weight gain and regain. Recent data have challenged this concept.

Objective: To determine (1) whether total and dietary fat oxidation are decreased in obese and reduced-obese adults compared to lean but increase in response to an acute exercise bout and (2) whether regular physical activity attenuates these metabolic alterations.

The effects of overfeeding on spontaneous physical activity in obesity prone and obesity resistant humans.

Despite living in an environment that promotes weight gain in many individuals, some individuals maintain a thin phenotype while self-reporting expending little or no effort to control their weight. When compared with obesity prone (OP) individuals, we wondered if obesity resistant (OR) individuals would have higher levels of spontaneous physical activity (SPA) or respond to short-term overfeeding by increasing their level of SPA in a manner that could potentially limit future weight gain. SPA was measured in 55 subjects (23 OP and 32 OR) using a novel physical activity monitoring system (PAMS) that measured body position and movement while subjects were awake for 6 days, either in a controlled eucaloric condition or during 3 days of overfeeding (1.

Brown fat activity is not apparent in subjects with HIV lipodystrophy and increased resting energy expenditure.

The HIV lipodystrophy (LD) syndrome is associated with increased resting energy expenditure (REE), but the basis of this hypermetabolism has not been determined. The objective of this pilot study was to determine if brown fat is activated in subjects with HIV LD and increased REE. In this descriptive study of four subjects with HIV LD and marked hypermetabolism, REE was measured by indirect calorimetry and brown fat activity was determined by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) combined with anatomic computed tomography (CT).

Continuous glucose profiles in obese and normal-weight pregnant women on a controlled diet: metabolic determinants of fetal growth.

Objective: We sought to define 24-h glycemia in normal-weight and obese pregnant women using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) while they consumed a habitual and controlled diet both early and late in pregnancy.

Research Design And Methods: Glycemia was prospectively measured in early (15.7 ± 2.

Differences in eating behaviors between nonobese, weight stable young and older adults.

Habitual dietary intake, dietary cognitive restraint (CR), disinhibition and hunger are eating behaviors that influence energy balance in both young and older adults. Since the prevalence of overweight and obesity in older adults is steadily rising, it is important to identify eating behavior adaptations that allow individuals to maintain a healthy body weight with advancing age. The association of age with habitual dietary intake, dietary CR, dishinhibition and hunger was examined in 30 older (60-72 years) and 30 younger (18-25 years) nonobese, weight stable, nondieting healthy adults pair-matched by age group for sex, physical activity level (active >150 min of physical activity per week, sedentary <150 min of physical activity per week) and BMI.