Advancing early relational health: a collaborative exploration of a research agenda.

Here, we introduce the Early Relational Health (ERH) Learning Community's bold, large-scale, collaborative, data-driven and practice-informed research agenda focused on furthering our mechanistic understanding of ERH and identifying feasible and effective practices for making ERH promotion a routine and integrated component of pediatric primary care. The ERH Learning Community, formed by a team of parent/caregiver leaders, pediatric care clinicians, researchers, and early childhood development specialists, is a workgroup of Nurture Connection-a hub geared toward promoting ERH, i.e.

Expanding Global Health Engagement through Multilateral Security Organizations.

Introduction: Many countries around the world employ defense capabilities in support of global health engagement (GHE) through bilateral and multilateral organizations. Despite this, there does not appear to be a strategic approach and implementation plan for U.S.

Clinician Perceptions on Literacy Promotion in Pediatric Continuity Clinics.

Objective: We describe LP perceptions of pediatric and internal medicine/pediatrics residents and faculty and determine the relationship between LP training and perceptions of LP. Reach Out and Read (ROR) is a widely implemented evidence-based literacy promotion (LP) intervention. Recent data have shown that there is variability in both LP training for pediatric residents and implementation of ROR.

Implementation of a Novel Tool to Collect Milk Feeding Data on Infants in Primary Care Clinics.

We aimed to capture milk feeding type in real time in a racially and socioeconomically diverse population. An electronic tool to assess milk feeding type at every medical visit for children aged 0 to 2 years was designed and incorporated into nursing workflows. The Milk Box tool was successfully added to the electronic clinical workspace of a large health system.

On Protection of U.S. Forces From Global Health Threats: The Role of Health Security Advisors.

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has exposed a health security gap within our nation and around the world. Recent national laws and policies have outlined the ends and means to improve health security. A decisive way is to achieve this objective is through health-related security cooperation efforts by increasing Health Services Support capacity.

Weight-Related Behaviors of Children with Obesity during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, children and families have had to adapt their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to describe changes in the weight-related behaviors of children with obesity after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Semistructured interviews ( = 51) were conducted from April to June 2020 with parents of children with obesity.

Clinician Experiences With Reach Out and Read: An Exploratory Qualitative Analysis.

Background: Enhanced literacy and increased vocabulary related to Reach Out and Read (ROR) are well described. Less is known about clinicians' experience with the program.

Objective: Understand clinician experiences of implementing ROR.

Influence of Early Lactation Assistance on Inpatient Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates.

Background: Human milk feeding reduces the incidence and costs of several maternal and childhood illnesses. Initiation and success of human milk feeding are influenced by race, socioeconomic status, and family support. The influence of early in-hospital lactation assistance in breastfeeding success has been not well described.

Literacy Promotion Training and Implementation in Pediatric Continuity Clinics.

Background: Despite endorsement by the American Academy of Pediatrics, there are no national data on literacy promotion (LP) training and behaviors.

Objective: To describe LP training experiences and behaviors of pediatric and internal medicine/pediatrics residents and faculty nationally, and the association between LP training and behaviors.

Methods: The Academic Pediatric Association's Continuity Research Network and Reach Out and Read National Center sent an online survey to faculty and residents at participating Continuity Research Network clinics.

Environmental Heat Exposure and Heat-Related Symptoms in United States Coast Guard Deepwater Horizon Disaster Responders.

Objectives: The response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill was impacted by heat. We evaluated the association between environmental heat exposure and self-reported heat-related symptoms in US Coast Guard Deepwater Horizon disaster responders.

Methods: Utilizing climate data and postdeployment survey responses from 3648 responders, we assigned heat exposure categories based on both wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and heat index (HI) measurements (median, mean, maximum).

Impact of a Modified Version of Baby-Led Weaning on Dietary Variety and Food Preferences in Infants.

The aim of this study was to determine whether food variety and perceived food preferences differ in infants following baby-led instead of traditional spoon-feeding approaches to introducing solids. A total of 206 women (41.3% primiparous) were recruited in late pregnancy from a single maternity hospital (response rate 23.

Insomnia and motor vehicle accident-related injuries, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2007-2016.

Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in adults, and its incidence is increasing in the U.S. Armed Forces.

Breakfast frequency and quality may affect glycemia and appetite in adults and children.

Observational studies of breakfast frequency in children and adults suggest an inverse (protective) association between the frequency of eating breakfast and the risk for obesity and chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. More prospective studies with stronger designs are needed, as are experimental studies on this topic. In addition, above and beyond breakfast frequency, the roles of dietary quality and composition need to be studied in the context of eating or skipping breakfast.

Simulated reflux decreases vocal fold epithelial barrier resistance.

Objectives/hypothesis: The vocal fold epithelium provides a barrier to the entry of inhaled and systemic challenges. However, the location of the epithelium makes it vulnerable to damage. Past research suggests, but does not directly demonstrate, that exposure to gastric reflux adversely affects the function of the epithelial barrier.

Hypertonic challenge to porcine vocal folds: effects on epithelial barrier function.

Objective: Dehydration challenges can increase the chemical composition of surface fluid overlying vocal fold epithelia (hypertonic surface fluid). The vocal fold epithelium is posited to act as a barrier, shielding the lamina propria from perturbations in the airway lumen. However, the effects of hypertonic surface fluid on the barrier functions of vocal fold epithelia have not been quantified.

Evidence for adverse phonatory change following an inhaled combination treatment.

Purpose: Voice problems are reported as a frequent side effect of inhaled combination (IC) treatments. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate whether IC treatments are detrimental to phonation. We hypothesized that IC treatment would significantly increase phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and perceived phonatory effort (PPE), whereas sham treatment would not.

Identifying putative promoter regions of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome genes by means of phylogenetic footprinting.

HPS is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism and prolonged bleeding. Eight human genes are described resulting in the HPS subtypes 1-8. Certain HPS proteins combine to form Biogenesis of Lysosome-related Organelles Complexes (BLOCs), thought to function in the formation of intracellular vesicles such as melanosomes, platelet dense bodies, and lytic granules.

Short-duration accelerated breathing challenges affect phonation.

Objectives/hypothesis: Inhaled air must be adequately humidified to prevent vocal fold drying, which is detrimental to phonation. The water content of inspired air is reduced by parameters, such as increased breathing rate and oral route. Accelerated oral breathing challenges induce airway dehydration and are posited to affect airway function.

Fuming method for micropatterning structures on Langmuir-Blodgett films.

Lipid monolayers of L-alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) are used to pattern substrates using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. Lipid monolayers are deposited onto freshly cleaved mica surfaces or glass capillaries under conditions that lead to distinct patterns in the film. Exposure of the supported monolayer to ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate fumes leads to preferential polymerization in the more hydrated regions of the patterned monolayer.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases as therapeutic targets in osteoarthritis.

Purpose Of Review: The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are intracellular signaling proteins which play a central role in controlling the activity of pathways that regulate production and activity of multiple mediators of joint tissue destruction. The therapeutic potential of MAP kinase inhibition in osteoarthritis was reviewed.

Recent Findings: Results from basic research studies support the role of MAP kinases as central mediators that regulate expression of proinflammatory cytokines and metalloproteinases but also as potential pain mediators as well.

Phonatory effects of airway dehydration: preliminary evidence for impaired compensation to oral breathing in individuals with a history of vocal fatigue.

Purpose: Airway drying is detrimental to phonation and is posited to exacerbate vocal fatigue. However, limited research has demonstrated the adverse phonatory effects of dehydration in speakers reporting vocal fatigue. We compared the negative phonatory consequences of short-term oral breathing at low, moderate, and high humidity in individuals reporting a history of vocal fatigue and control participants.