From Doubt to Confidence-Overcoming Fraudulent Submissions by Bots and Other Takers of a Web-Based Survey.

In 2019, we launched a web-based longitudinal survey of adults who frequently use e-cigarettes, called the Vaping and Patterns of E-cigarette Use Research (VAPER) Study. The initial attempt to collect survey data failed due to fraudulent survey submissions, likely submitted by survey bots and other survey takers. This paper chronicles the journey from that setback to the successful completion of 5 waves of data collection.

Is Maintenance or Switching Between Freebase and Nicotine Salt Liquid Associated with Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Dependence?

Background: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use one of two formulations of nicotine-freebase or nicotine salt. This study examines whether maintenance or switching between nicotine formulations is associated with ENDS dependence using longitudinal survey data.

Methods: 543 U.

Reasons for continued usage of ENDS: Differences by device and liquid characteristics among US adults.

Introduction: Motivations for using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) include quitting or reducing cigarette smoking, flavor, and addiction. This study examines whether the primary reason for continued ENDS usage changes over time, and its association with device and liquid characteristics.

Methods: Data are from a longitudinal cohort study and include 526 US adults (≥21 years) using ENDS frequently (≥5 days/week) as self-reported, and uploaded photos of their most used ENDS devices and liquids and self-reported primary reason for continued ENDS usage in wave 2 (December 2020-April 2021) and wave 5 (February-April 2023).

Decisions of the FDA on premarket tobacco product applications: Changes in the number of unique devices and liquids used by US adults who frequently use electronic nicotine delivery systems, 2020-2023.

Introduction: The majority of decisions on electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) were made from October 2020 to February 2023; 99% (>25 million) had determinations by March 2023 and just twenty-three received marketing granted orders. We examined the unique devices and liquids used among US adults frequently using ENDS before, during, and after a majority of PMTA decisions were made.

Methods: Data are from waves 1-5 (W1: May-Oct 2020, n=1179; W5: Feb-Apr 2023, n=1290) of a longitudinal survey of US adults (≥21 years) using ENDS ≥5 days/week.

Heterogeneity in sociodemographic characteristics of people who use different ENDS devices.

Background: The electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) market is heterogeneous with a wide variety of devices and liquids available to consumers. People with distinct sociodemographic characteristics may have different ENDS device and liquid preferences.

Methods: 1290 U.

Exploring Different Incentive Structures Among US Adults Who Use e-Cigarettes to Optimize Retention in Longitudinal Web-Based Surveys: Case Study.

Background: Longitudinal cohort studies are critical for understanding the evolution of health-influencing behaviors, such as e-cigarette use, over time. Optimizing follow-up rates in longitudinal studies is necessary for ensuring high-quality data with sufficient power for analyses. However, achieving high rates of follow-up in web-based longitudinal studies can be challenging, even when monetary incentives are provided.

Transitions in device and liquid characteristic groupings among US adults frequently using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) over three timepoints, 2020-2021.

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) and liquid characteristics affect nicotine and toxicant exposure and use behaviors. Little is known about how adults who frequently use ENDS transition between ENDS device/liquid groupings.

Methods: A total of 379 US adults (≥21 years) using ENDS frequently (≥5 days/week) self-reported and uploaded photos of their most used ENDS device and liquid in three waves of online surveys (May 2020 - November 2021).

Menthol and Other Flavor Chemicals in Cigarettes from Vietnam and the Philippines.

Introduction: Tobacco product flavors can increase product appeal, adolescent initiation and experimentation, and difficulty quitting. Flavored tobacco products are not restricted in Vietnam or the Philippines despite the high smoking prevalence among those 15 years of age and older (24% and 23%, respectively). There are no published reports to our knowledge on the levels of flavor chemicals in the cigarettes sold in these two countries.

Assessing Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Device Type Accurately in Surveys.

Introduction: The electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) market is highly heterogeneous and changing rapidly in the United States, making classification of devices complicated, especially for surveys. We assessed the percentage of concordant responses between self-reported device type and device type reported by manufacturer/retailer sites for three ENDS brands.

Aims And Methods: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study wave 5 (2018-2019) asked adult ENDS users about their ENDS device type with the following multiple-choice question: "What kind of electronic nicotine product [is/was] it?" with response options: (1) A disposable device, (2) A device that uses replaceable prefilled cartridges, (3) A device with a tank that you refill with liquids (4) A mod system, and (5) Something else.

Device and liquid characteristics used with sweet, menthol/mint, and tobacco ENDS liquid flavors: The population-based VAPER study.

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) device and liquid characteristics (e.g., wattage, nicotine concentration) are diverse and important in determining product appeal, aerosol volume/nicotine levels, and toxicity.

The Vaping and Patterns of e-Cigarette Use Research Study: Protocol for a Web-Based Cohort Study.

Background: In total, 3.2% of American adults report using e-cigarettes every day or some days. The Vaping and Patterns of E-cigarette Use Research (VAPER) Study is a web-based longitudinal survey designed to observe patterns in device and liquid use that suggest the benefits and unintended consequences of potential e-cigarette regulations.

Combinations of electronic nicotine delivery system device and liquid characteristics among U.S. adults.

Introduction: The combination of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) device and liquid characteristics affect user nicotine and toxicant exposure, however population-level national survey studies have not reported device and liquid features jointly nor in detail. We examined combinations of characteristics of devices and liquids used by adult ENDS users.

Methods: U.

Identifying credible attribution sources for cigarette health warning labels in China: results from a cross-sectional survey of Chinese adults.

Objective: The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control recommends health warning labels (HWLs) include an attribution source. Little is known regarding the perceived credibility and effectiveness of different message sources. This study examined perceptions of four HWL attribution sources among adults in China - the world's largest consumer of cigarettes.

Agreement Between Self-reports and Photos to Assess e-Cigarette Device and Liquid Characteristics in Wave 1 of the Vaping and Patterns of e-Cigarette Use Research Study: Web-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: e-Cigarette device and liquid characteristics are highly customizable; these characteristics impact nicotine delivery and exposure to toxic constituents. It is critical to understand optimal methods for measuring these characteristics to accurately assess their impacts on user behavior and health.

Objective: To inform future survey development, we assessed the agreement between responses from survey participants (self-reports) and photos uploaded by participants and the quantity of usable data derived from each approach.

A scoping review on disparities in exposure to advertising for e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products and implications for advancing a health equity research agenda.

Background: Disparities in exposure to and density of tobacco advertising are well established; however, it is still unclear how e-cigarette and heated tobacco product (HTP) advertising vary by age, education, sex, gender identity, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status (SES), and/or urban/rural area. Through a scoping review, we sought to identify potential disparities in exposure to e-cigarette and HTP advertising and promotion across populations.

Methods: In January 2020, a systematic literature search was conducted in five databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.