Trends in mental health care and telehealth use across area deprivation: An analysis of electronic health records from 2016 to 2024.

While telehealth may improve access to healthcare for some, it may also widen gaps in access across different economic groups. Using electronic health records for outpatient mental health care of patients with depression in a large US academic health system, we assessed changes in mental health care utilization from 2016 to 2024 (primary care: = 42,640 patients, 270,754 visits; psychiatry: = 12,846 patients, 336,918 visits) and odds of using telehealth relative to in-person care from 2020 to 2024, across national area deprivation index (ADI) percentiles. We found that over 3 years prepandemic (July 2016-June 2019), the volume of mental health care delivered to patients from low-deprivation areas (1st-25th national ADI percentile) was increasing at a steeper rate than for high-deprivation areas (76th-100th national ADI percentile).

Psychometric testing of the caring for the caregiver survey for healthcare providers.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the factorial structure and model fit of the Caring for the Caregiver Scale.

Background: Caregiving is an all-encompassing role that results in negative health consequences. Healthcare providers require specific knowledge and clinical skills to support caregivers with health promotion.

A Culturally Sensitive Mobile App (DiaFriend) to Improve Self-Care in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Development Study.

Background: Mobile apps designed with cultural sensitivity have demonstrated higher user acceptability and greater effectiveness in enhancing self-care skills. However, a significant gap exists in developing such apps for specific populations, such as Portuguese Americans living in southern Massachusetts, home to the second-largest Portuguese community in the United States. This group possesses unique cultural traditions, particularly in dietary practices, including a tendency toward high carbohydrate intake.

Estimated Childhood Lead Exposure From Drinking Water in Chicago.

Importance: There is no level of lead in drinking water considered to be safe, yet lead service lines are still commonly used in water systems across the US.

Objective: To identify the extent of lead-contaminated drinking water in Chicago, Illinois, and model its impact on children younger than 6 years.

Design, Setting, And Participants: For this cross-sectional study, a retrospective assessment was performed of lead exposure based on household tests collected from January 2016 to September 2023.

A guide for social science journal editors on easing into open science.

Journal editors have a large amount of power to advance open science in their respective fields by incentivising and mandating open policies and practices at their journals. The Data PASS Journal Editors Discussion Interface (JEDI, an online community for social science journal editors: www.dpjedi.

Surveying Nutrient Assessment with Photographs of Meals (SNAPMe): A Benchmark Dataset of Food Photos for Dietary Assessment.

Photo-based dietary assessment is becoming more feasible as artificial intelligence methods improve. However, advancement of these methods for dietary assessment in research settings has been hindered by the lack of an appropriate dataset against which to benchmark algorithm performance. We conducted the Surveying Nutrient Assessment with Photographs of Meals (SNAPMe) study (ClinicalTrials ID: NCT05008653) to pair meal photographs with traditional food records.

Epistasis regulates genetic control of cardiac hypertrophy.

The combinatorial effect of genetic variants is often assumed to be additive. Although genetic variation can clearly interact non-additively, methods to uncover epistatic relationships remain in their infancy. We develop low-signal signed iterative random forests to elucidate the complex genetic architecture of cardiac hypertrophy.

Perspectives Regarding Engagement in Physical Activity in Women: Traditional Gender Role-Based Themes.

Background: There has not been a significant improvement in cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics among women; 44.4% of women older than 20 years have a diagnoses of CVD. Only 24.

No Associations between Dairy Intake and Markers of Gastrointestinal Inflammation in Healthy Adult Cohort.

Dairy products are a good source of essential nutrients and past reviews have shown associations of dairy consumption with decreased systemic inflammation. Links between dairy intake and gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation are under-investigated. Therefore, we examined associations between reported dairy intake and markers of GI inflammation in healthy adults in a cross-sectional observational study, hypothesizing a negative association with yogurt intake, suggesting a protective effect, and no associations with total dairy, fluid milk, and cheese intake.

Association of Estimated Daily Lactose Consumption, Lactase Persistence Genotype (rs4988235), and Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults in the United States.

Background: Lactase persistence (LP) is a heritable trait in which lactose can be digested throughout adulthood. Lactase nonpersistent (LNP) individuals who consume lactose may experience microbial adaptations in response to undigested lactose.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to estimate lactose from foods reported in the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) and determine the interaction between lactose consumption, LP genotype, and gut microbiome in an observational cross-sectional study of healthy adults in the United States (US).

Protection against Omicron from Vaccination and Previous Infection in a Prison System.

Background: Information regarding the protection conferred by vaccination and previous infection against infection with the B.1.1.

Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccination Among Frontline Workers in California State Prisons.

Importance: Prisons and jails are high-risk environments for COVID-19. Vaccination levels among workers in many such settings remain markedly lower than those of residents and members of surrounding communities. The situation is troubling because prison staff are a key vector for COVID-19 transmission.

Protection against Omicron conferred by mRNA primary vaccine series, boosters, and prior infection.

B Ackground: Prisons and jails are high-risk settings for Covid-19 transmission, morbidity, and mortality. We evaluate protection conferred by prior infection and vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant within the California state prison system.

M Ethods: We employed a test-negative design to match resident and staff cases during the Omicron wave (December 24, 2021-April 14, 2022) to controls according to a case's test-week as well as demographic, clinical, and carceral characteristics.

The Development of the Davis Food Glycopedia-A Glycan Encyclopedia of Food.

The molecular complexity of the carbohydrates consumed by humans has been deceptively oversimplified due to a lack of analytical methods that possess the throughput, sensitivity, and resolution required to provide quantitative structural information. However, such information is becoming an integral part of understanding how specific glycan structures impact health through their interaction with the gut microbiome and host physiology. This work presents a detailed catalogue of the glycans present in complementary foods commonly consumed by toddlers during weaning and foods commonly consumed by American adults.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary healthcare providers with assessing and supporting older informal caregivers.

A time burden, financial strain, and prioritizing care recipient needs over their own are key barriers preventing informal caregivers from engaging in health-promoting self-care. Primary healthcare providers are well positioned to assess and support informal caregivers. A cross sectional descriptive, correlational study was used to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers regarding assessment and support of older informal caregivers.

Trends in Decarceration, COVID-19 Cases, and SARS-CoV-2 Testing in US Immigration Detention Centers From September 2020 to August 2021.

This cohort study compares COVID-19 case and testing rates in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centers with rates in the US population from September 2020 through August 2021.

Effectiveness of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccines Among Incarcerated People in California State Prisons: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Prisons and jails are high-risk settings for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccines may substantially reduce these risks, but evidence is needed on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness for incarcerated people, who are confined in large, risky congregate settings.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to estimate effectiveness of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna), against confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections among incarcerated people in California prisons from 22 December 2020 through 1 March 2021.

Tree-Based Analysis of Dietary Diversity Captures Associations Between Fiber Intake and Gut Microbiota Composition in a Healthy US Adult Cohort.

Background: Diet patterns are a significant and modifiable contributing factor to the composition of the human gut microbiota.

Objectives: We set out to identify reproducible relationships between diet and gut microbial community composition in a diverse, healthy US adult cohort.

Methods: We collected 2 to 3 automated self-administered 24-hour dietary recalls over 10-14 days, together with a single stool sample, from 343 healthy adults in a cross-sectional phenotyping study.

Public health impacts of an imminent Red Sea oil spill.

The possibility of a massive oil spill in the Red Sea is increasingly likely. The , a deteriorating oil tanker containing 1.1 million barrels of oil, has been deserted near the coast of Yemen since 2015 and threatens environmental catastrophe to a country presently in a humanitarian crisis.