Do 360-Character Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) Messages Work Better than 90-Character Messages? Testing the Risk Communication Consensus.

Based on early evidence, risk communication scholars have come to believe that longer (360-character maximum) mobile public warning messages generate more compliance than shorter (90-character maximum) messages. This study used an experimental design to test that premise. The study measured participants' ( = 481) likelihood of compliance in response to a mock Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) message, as well as alternatives to immediate compliance: seeking additional information, taking non-recommended action, or ignoring the message.

Agreement between retrospective and prospective assessments of childhood abuse revisited.

A recent meta-analytic review demonstrated that retrospective assessments of childhood abuse acquired during adulthood - typically via self-report - demonstrate weak agreement with assessments of maltreatment gathered prospectively. The current report builds on prior findings by investigating the agreement of prospectively documented abuse from birth to age 17.5 years in the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation with retrospective, Adult Attachment Interview-based assessments of childhood abuse administered at ages 19 and 26 years.

Insights into child abuse and neglect: Findings from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation.

The Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation (MLSRA) is a landmark prospective, longitudinal study of human development focused on a sample of mothers experiencing poverty and their firstborn children. Although the MLSRA pioneered a number of important topics in the area of social and emotional development, it began with the more specific goal of examining the antecedents of child maltreatment. From that foundation and for more than 40 years, the study has produced a significant body of research on the origins, sequelae, and measurement of childhood abuse and neglect.

The predictive validity of the strange situation procedure: Evidence from registered analyses of two landmark longitudinal studies.

Meta-analyses demonstrate that the quality of early attachment is modestly associated with peer social competence ( = .19) and externalizing behavior ( = -.15), but weakly associated with internalizing symptoms ( = -.

Childcare providers' views of challenging child behaviors, suspension, and expulsion: A qualitative analysis.

Previous research has underscored a need to understand the experiences and decision-making processes that contribute to suspension and expulsion in early care and education settings, particularly among young children of color. The present study conducted qualitative interviews with 20 center- and family-based childcare providers from the Minnesota Early Care and Education (MECE) study. Participants were asked about challenging child behaviors that they have encountered, their perceptions of these behaviors and how they manage them, and their thought processes around suspension and expulsion.

The age of the opening of the Ice-Free Corridor and implications for the peopling of the Americas.

SignificanceThe Ice-Free Corridor (IFC) has long played a key role in hypotheses about the peopling of the Americas. Earlier assessments of its age suggested that the IFC was available for a Clovis-first migration, but subsequent developments now suggest a pre-Clovis occupation of the Americas that occurred before the opening of the IFC, thus supporting a Pacific coastal migration route instead. However, large uncertainties in existing ages from the IFC cannot preclude its availability as a route for the first migrations.

The redesign of an advanced practice registered nurse professional evaluation process and tool at a midwest academic medical center: A pilot project.

Background: Inconsistency and a lack of clarity exist regarding the advanced practice registered nurse peer review process in hospitals throughout the country.

Local Problem: The current APRN peer review process in place for over a decade at an academic medical center has never been evaluated, and neither fulfills ongoing professional practice evaluation requirements nor meets the expectations of peer review.

Methods: Pre-post intervention quality improvement project (Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence checklist).

Extracellular circular RNA profiles in plasma and urine of healthy, male college athletes.

Circular RNA (circRNA) are a recently discovered class of RNA characterized by a covalently-bonded back-splice junction. As circRNAs are inherently more stable than other RNA species, they may be detected extracellularly in peripheral biofluids and provide novel biomarkers. While circRNA have been identified previously in peripheral biofluids, there are few datasets for circRNA junctions from healthy controls.

Childhood abuse and neglect and self-reported symptoms of psychopathology through midlife.

Although abuse and neglect in the early years of life have been reliably linked to poor mental health outcomes in childhood, only a few studies have examined whether the predictive significance of childhood abuse and neglect endures for symptoms of psychopathology into adulthood. Here we examined to what extent prospectively assessed child abuse and neglect is associated with self-reported symptoms of psychopathology measured from ages 23 through 39 years, controlling for early demographic covariates and self-reported symptoms of psychopathology measured at age 16 years. The sample included 140 participants from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation.

Secure attachment in infancy predicts context-dependent emotion expression in middle childhood.

Attachment security has been linked to healthy socioemotional development, but less is known about how secure attachment in infancy relates to emotional functioning in middle childhood, particularly across multiple contexts. The present study examined associations between secure attachment in infancy and children's context-dependent emotion expression during a parent-child interaction at age 9 (N = 78) among families with Child Protective Services involvement (i.e.

Comparison of glucose concentrations in canine whole blood, plasma, and serum measured with a veterinary point-of-care glucometer.

Previous studies have determined that, compared to whole blood, serum or plasma used in a portable blood glucometer (PBG) may provide more accurate results. We investigated the accuracy of a veterinary PBG (AlphaTRAK 2; Zoetis) for the measurement of glucose concentrations in serum, plasma, and whole blood compared to plasma glucose concentration measured by a biochemical analyzer. Blood samples from 53 client-owned dogs were collected.

Oncoplastic breast-conserving therapy and intraoperative radiotherapy for management of carcinoma in situ of the breast: A single-center experience.

Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) has been shown to reduce local recurrence rates among women with early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma, but data regarding its use among women with in situ carcinoma are limited. In this single-institution study, 50 women with in situ carcinoma were treated with oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OPS) and single-dose IORT. All 50 patients had "no tumor on ink," but 9 (16%) had margins < 2 mm and required additional therapy.

Microglial Calcium Waves During the Hyperacute Phase of Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Ischemic injury triggers multiple pathological responses in the brain tissue, including spreading depolarizations across the cerebral cortex (cortical spreading depolarizations [CSD]). Microglia have been recently shown to play a significant role in the propagation of CSD. However, the intracellular responses of myeloid cells during ischemic stroke have not been investigated.

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 and mTORC1 Signaling Promote the Intestinal Regenerative Response After Irradiation Injury.

Background & Aims: Intestinal crypts have a remarkable capacity to regenerate after injury from loss of crypt base columnar (CBC) stem cells. After injury, facultative stem cells (FSCs) are activated to replenish the epithelium and replace lost CBCs. Our aim was to assess the role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to activate FSCs for crypt repair.

Maximizing the Role of the Nurse: Strategies to Address Gaps in Asthma Care in Schools.

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to describe differences in the numbers of children with a diagnosis of asthma identified through two methods, determine barriers to receiving asthma interventions in elementary school settings, and make recommendations for action and advocacy for school nurses to increase the number of children with access to asthma medications at school.

Design And Methods: The authors conducted a review of the asthma diagnosis process from the initial identification of a diagnosis to the delivery of interventions with 349 enrolled students in one large, urban public school in Tennessee.

Results: Sixty children were identified using the school's existing parent identification process and 91 children who participated in a concurrent asthma education program self-identified or were referred by a teacher, staff, or administrator.

Life stress and cortisol reactivity: An exploratory analysis of the effects of stress exposure across life on HPA-axis functioning.

Stressful experiences affect biological stress systems, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Life stress can potentially alter regulation of the HPA axis and has been associated with poorer physical and mental health. Little, however, is known about the relative influence of stressors that are encountered at different developmental periods on acute stress reactions in adulthood.