Evidence for Lignocellulose-Decomposing Enzymes in the Genome and Transcriptome of the Aquatic Hyphomycete .

Fungi are ecologically outstanding decomposers of lignocellulose. Fungal lignocellulose degradation is prominent in saprotrophic Ascomycota and Basidiomycota of the subkingdom Dikarya. Despite ascomycetes dominating the Dikarya inventory of aquatic environments, genome and transcriptome data relating to enzymes involved in lignocellulose decay remain limited to terrestrial representatives of these phyla.

Clinical educators can supervise students without increased stress: a study of interacting factors using insights from complexity theory.

Supervising students in healthcare settings is complex and can be stressful for clinical educators. However, it is unclear how to design student placements without clinical educator stress. Using complexity theory as a lens, fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) was used to explore factors associated with no increased stress for clinical educators during speech pathology (SP) placements.

Long-read DNA metabarcoding of ribosomal RNA in the analysis of fungi from aquatic environments.

DNA metabarcoding is widely used to study prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial diversity. Technological constraints limit most studies to marker lengths below 600 base pairs (bp). Longer sequencing reads of several thousand bp are now possible with third-generation sequencing.

The effect of speech-language pathology students on clinician time use and activity.

Purpose: This prospective study investigated the impact of supervising students on public health speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) time and patient activity levels in order to broaden evidence in the profession.

Method: Thirty-four SLPs supervising students collected data profiling their time use and activity during the first, middle and penultimate placement week. They also collected data for a week when not supervising students.

Integrating chytrid fungal parasites into plankton ecology: research gaps and needs.

Chytridiomycota, often referred to as chytrids, can be virulent parasites with the potential to inflict mass mortalities on hosts, causing e.g. changes in phytoplankton size distributions and succession, and the delay or suppression of bloom events.

Between migration load and evolutionary rescue: dispersal, adaptation and the response of spatially structured populations to environmental change.

The evolutionary potential of populations is mainly determined by population size and available genetic variance. However, the adaptability of spatially structured populations may also be affected by dispersal: positively by spreading beneficial mutations across sub-populations, but negatively by moving locally adapted alleles between demes. We develop an individual-based, two-patch, allelic model to investigate the balance between these opposing effects on a population's evolutionary response to rapid climate change.

Large and variable genome size unrelated to serpentine adaptation but supportive of cryptic sexuality in Cenococcum geophilum.

Estimations of genome size and its variation can provide valuable information regarding the genetic diversity of organisms and their adaptation potential to heterogeneous environments. We used flow cytometry to characterize the variation in genome size among 40 isolates of Cenococcum geophilum, an ectomycorrhizal fungus with a wide ecological and geographical distribution, obtained from two serpentine and two non-serpentine sites in Portugal. Besides determining the genome size and its intraspecies variation, we wanted to assess whether a relationship exists between genome size and the edaphic background of the C.

Limited evolutionary rescue of locally adapted populations facing climate change.

Dispersal is a key determinant of a population's evolutionary potential. It facilitates the propagation of beneficial alleles throughout the distributional range of spatially outspread populations and increases the speed of adaptation. However, when habitat is heterogeneous and individuals are locally adapted, dispersal may, at the same time, reduce fitness through increasing maladaptation.

Population resequencing reveals local adaptation of Arabidopsis lyrata to serpentine soils.

A powerful way to map functional genomic variation and reveal the genetic basis of local adaptation is to associate allele frequency across the genome with environmental conditions. Serpentine soils, characterized by high heavy-metal content and low calcium-to-magnesium ratios, are a classic context for studying adaptation of plants to local soil conditions. To investigate whether Arabidopsis lyrata is locally adapted to serpentine soil, and to map the polymorphisms responsible for such adaptation, we pooled DNA from individuals from serpentine and nonserpentine soils and sequenced each 'gene pool' with the Illumina Genome Analyzer.