[Factors associated with the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women and their newborns].

Background: The finding of hypovitaminosis in pregnancy D has prompted the debate about its supplementation. The objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in mothers and newborns.

Methods: A one-year observational study was conducted including the measuring of vitamin D levels in mothers and in the umbilical cord blood of newborns.

Maternal thyroid dysfunction during gestation, preterm delivery, and birthweight. The Infancia y Medio Ambiente Cohort, Spain.

Background: Maternal clinical thyroid disorders can cause reproductive complications. However, the effects of mild thyroid dysfunctions are not yet well established. The aim was to evaluate the association of maternal thyroid function during the first half of pregnancy with birthweight and preterm delivery.

Absence of diabetes mellitus type 2 in obese children and adolescents in the north of Spain.

Background: The worldwide epidemic of childhood obesity has been accompanied by an increase in the incidence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other carbohydrate metabolism disorders in obese young people in the Basque Country (Spain).

Design: Prospective observational study.

Pre-natal exposure to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene and infant lower respiratory tract infections and wheeze.

The aim of our study was to examine whether pre-natal exposure to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and wheeze in infants. The study is based on a birth cohort of 1,455 mother-child pairs. Maternal serum concentrations of DDE, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were measured during pregnancy.

[Trihalomethane and haloacetic acid concentrations in drinking water and their estimated intake during pregnancy in the INMA cohort (Guipúzcoa, Spain)].

Objectives: To report trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA) concentrations in drinking water, assess variations in these concentrations depending on source and over time, and estimate individual intake during pregnancy.

Methods: Water taken from 33 representative points of the water supply network of the 25 municipalities in the study area was analyzed from 2006-2008. Water drinking habits were recorded using a questionnaire.

Iodine intake and maternal thyroid function during pregnancy.

Background: An adequate iodine intake during pregnancy is essential for the synthesis of maternal thyroid hormones and normal brain development in the fetus. Scant evidence is available on the effects and safety of iodine supplementation during pregnancy in areas with adequate or mildly deficient iodine intake. We examined the association of maternal iodine intake and supplementation with thyroid function before 24 weeks of gestation in population-based samples from 3 different areas in Spain.