A Systematic Review of Social Support Instruments for Measurement-Based Care in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Purpose: Social support is a treatment target for individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but is not systematically assessed in clinical care. This review evaluated the quality of patient-reported social support instruments used in PTSD research to identify candidates for measurement-based care (MBC) with this population.

Method: A systematic review identified all validated measures of social support used in research with traumatized populations after 1990.

Intersectional Risk and the Significant Gap in Care for Persons With Co-occurring Chronic Pain and Opioid Withdrawal.

Objectives: Persons with chronic pain and women tend to enter treatment for opioid use disorder with greater opioid withdrawal severity than persons without chronic pain and men, respectively. This study examined characteristics of facilities with opioid withdrawal treatment, including gender-based services, as a function of whether they reported having a tailored pain management program.

Methods: The National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services 2020 was used to examine 3942 facilities with opioid withdrawal treatment in the United States.

Fentanyl Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion: Narrative Review and Clinical Significance Related to Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl.

Objectives: This narrative review summarizes literature on pharmaceutical fentanyl's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion patterns to inform research on illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF).

Results: Fentanyl is highly lipophilic, lending itself to rapid absorption by highly perfused tissues (including the brain) before redistributing from these tissues to muscle and fat. Fentanyl is eliminated primarily by metabolism and urinary excretion of metabolites (norfentanyl and other minor metabolites).

Mapping the Spatial Extent of Hypoperfusion in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension Using Multienergy CT.

Purpose: To assess if a novel automated method to spatially delineate and quantify the extent of hypoperfusion on multienergy CT angiograms can aid the evaluation of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) disease severity.

Materials And Methods: Multienergy CT angiograms obtained between January 2018 and December 2020 in 51 patients with CTEPH (mean age, 47 years ± 17 [SD]; 27 women) were retrospectively compared with those in 110 controls with no imaging findings suggestive of pulmonary vascular abnormalities (mean age, 51 years ± 16; 81 women). Parenchymal iodine values were automatically isolated using deep learning lobar lung segmentations.

Operational definition of precipitated opioid withdrawal.

Background: Opioid withdrawal can be expressed as both a spontaneous and precipitated syndrome. Although spontaneous withdrawal is well-characterized, there is no operational definition of precipitated opioid withdrawal.

Methods: People ( = 106) with opioid use disorder maintained on morphine received 0.

Examination of Sex-Related Distress and Self-Medication Drinking Model in U.S. College Women.

Adult sexual assault (ASA) in college remains a concern. Consequently, many college-aged women experience negative emotions surrounding sexual activity (sex-related distress). Consistent with self-medication theory, some drink to cope with sex-related distress, which may reduce distress, but lead to greater drinking quantity before sex and negative sexual consequences.

Mechanisms of the association between PTSD and sexual arousal and lubrication functioning among trauma-exposed female service members/veterans.

Background: The presence of a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis or higher PTSD severity is associated with higher overall sexual dysfunction in female service members/veterans. However, the mechanisms linking PTSD to specific components of women's sexual arousal function, like lubrication and mental arousal, are unknown.

Methods: We conducted a survey among 464 women who reported probable Criterion A exposure for PTSD.

The Interplay of Sexual Arousal and Power-Related Emotions in Men's Alcohol-Involved Sexual Aggression Intentions.

Research has identified power/dominance and sexual arousal as key motivators of men's sexual aggression; however, little research has examined the interplay of these two factors in alcohol-involved sexual aggression. Two alcohol administration experiments investigated the roles of power-related sex motives and power- and sexual arousal-related emotions on men's sexual aggression intentions. In Study 1, participants ( = 96) read a sexual aggression scenario after random assignment to consume either an alcoholic (target peak BrAC = .

Relationship Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Sexual Difficulties: A Systematic Review of Veterans and Military Personnel.

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with sexual difficulties but the nuances of this relationship remain elusive. Research has increased in recent years, most notably following publication of several reviews in 2015.

Aim: This systematic review examines the relationship between PTSD and sexual difficulties in veterans/military personnel.

Associations between mindfulness and mental health outcomes: A systematic review of ecological momentary assessment research.

Objectives: Psychological science has taken up investigations of the effectiveness of mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) and mechanisms through which people benefit from mindfulness. Reliable and valid psychometric tools are essential components of psychological science, and efforts have been made to produce tools for the accurate measurement of mindfulness as a construct. However, trait measurement methods, which are commonly used, may not adequately assess mindfulness and mental health outcomes in a way that allows for mechanisms to be adequately tested.

"Undating" and "Quarter Ponies": Comparing the Use of Derived Words and Compounds Across Discourse Types and Age Groups.

Purpose Derivational morphology and compounds are important aspects of academic vocabulary. However, investigation of the development of expressive derivational and compound morphology using language sampling is sparse. This cross-sectional study used three types of language samples to investigate quantitative and qualitative changes in the spontaneous production of derived words and compounds in early and late elementary-age children as a function of age and discourse type.

Disrupting the path to craving: Acting without awareness mediates the link between negative affect and craving.

Low treatment utilization, relapse, and chronicity are characteristic of substance use disorders (SUDs). Craving is an important predictor of relapse. Individuals with an SUD report using various coping strategies in response to negative affect, two of which are investigated in the current study: suppression and acting with awareness.

Mobile Lower Body Negative Pressure Suit as an Integrative Countermeasure for Spaceflight.

Persistent headward fluid shift and mechanical unloading cause neuro-ocular, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal deconditioning during long-term spaceflight. Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) reintroduces footward fluid shift and mechanical loading. We designed, built, and tested a wearable, mobile, and flexible LBNP device (GravitySuit) consisting of pressurized trousers with built-in shoes to support ground reaction forces (GRF) and a thoracic vest to distribute load to the entire axial length of the body.

Feasibility pilot of a brief mindfulness intervention for college students with posttraumatic stress symptoms and problem drinking.

Objective: A significant subset of college students experience PTSD symptoms, and many engage in problematic alcohol use. Some college students with PTSD symptoms may use alcohol and other substances to cope with their symptoms, and those with PTSD experience more negative alcohol and drug consequences than those without PTSD. Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) have been successfully utilized for individuals with PTSD or substance use disorders.

Improving the Gender-Affirmation Process for Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming Individuals: Associations Among Time Since Transition Began, Body Satisfaction, and Sexual Distress.

Sexual distress is associated with a variety of negative outcomes. Unique contributors to sexual distress exist among transgender individuals. The current study examined the impacts of gender-affirming interventions (i.

Sexual Victimization and Sex-Related Drinking Motives: How Protective is Emotion Regulation?

One in five college women experience sexual victimization (SV), and SV severity is associated with subsequent psychological distress, including sex-related distress. SV severity may also be associated with drinking motives to cope with sex-related distress and to enhance sex (sex-related drinking motives [SRDMs]), particularly if individuals suffer from emotion regulation (ER) difficulties. College women (N = 151) completed a survey assessment of ER, SV history, childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and SRDMs.

Understanding sexual assault risk perception in college: Associations among sexual assault history, drinking to cope, and alcohol use.

Introduction: Sexual assault history and alcohol use are associated with higher likelihood of subsequent sexual assault. Alcohol use and drinking to cope are associated with re-assault, but it is unclear whether these factors are associated with malleable constructs like sexual assault risk perception. This study examined typical weekly drinking and drinking to cope motive as factors underlying the association between sexual assault history and risk perception.

Sexual vs. Nonsexual Currently Most Upsetting Trauma: A Fresh Look at Attenuation of Sexual Response, Alcohol Intoxication, and Post-Traumatic Stress.

This study examined the dependence of sexual response (vaginal pulse amplitude [VPA] and subjective sexual arousal) on alcohol intoxication (.10% breath alcohol concentration [BrAC] versus no alcohol) and the nature of a woman's currently most upsetting traumatic event (C-MUTE), whether it was sexual (e.g.

Considerations for Culturally Sensitive Research With Transgender Adults: A Qualitative Analysis.

Transgender (trans) individuals have historically been left out of research, and previous work has often conflated gender identity with sexual orientation. Furthermore, language used in psychology measures is often heteronormative and uses binary gendered language (e.g.

A descriptive analysis of where and with whom lesbian versus bisexual women drink.

Purpose: Sexual minority women (SMW) are at increased risk for alcohol use disorders and related problems. Social context (e.g.

Access to Opportunities for Bilingualism for Individuals with Developmental Disabilities: Key Informant Interviews.

The purpose of this article is to describe the results of a thematic analysis of 79 semi-structured interviews collected at six research sites in four countries in relation to the inclusion and exclusion of students with developmental disabilities (DD) in and from special education and bilingual opportunities. The participants were individuals with expertise either in special needs and/or language education to support bilingualism (e.g.

Differences in Mental Health and Sexual Outcomes Based on Type of Nonconsensual Sexual Penetration.

Little is known based on the stratification and localization of penetration type of rape: oral, vaginal, and/or anal. The current study examined associations between type of rape and mental and sexual health symptoms in 865 community women. All penetration types were positively associated with negative mental and sexual health symptoms.

Partnering with American Indian communities in strength-based collaborative health research: Guiding principles from the Fort Peck Ceremony of ResearchProject.

Background: The Ceremony of Research Project was implemented to strengthen tribal communities' ability to harmonize Western research processes with Indigenous ways of knowing.

Methods: Focus groups were conducted with tribal members to understand Indigenous processes, beliefs, and practices necessary to promote positive research experiences with tribal communities.

Results: Findings address time; relationship building and maintenance; inclusion of diverse tribal members in the research design, as well as American Indian epistemology; respect for tribal values, beliefs, and customs throughout the research process; and the reciprocity of research.

Women's Sex-Related Dissociation: The Effects of Alcohol Intoxication, Attentional Control Instructions, and History of Childhood Sexual Abuse.

This study examined influences of alcohol intoxication, attentional control, and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) severity on sex-related dissociation. Sex-related dissociation is defined here as dissociation (e.g.

The role of social drinking factors in the relationship between incapacitated sexual assault and drinking before sexual activity.

White House Council on Women and Girls (2014) highlighted sexual assault prevention as a high priority issue in need of immediate attention. A risk factor associated with sexual assault victimization and revictimization is drinking before sexual activity. The current study examined the relationship between incapacitated sexual assault (ISA) and drinking before sexual activity.