Creatine Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common form of diabetes. The initial treatment of type 2 DM consists of the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits together with several classes of hypoglycemic agents. However, these medications are not always able to reduce the blood glucose levels in all patients.

Renovascular hypertension: Effects of mesenchymal stem cells in the contralateral hypertensive kidney in rats.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) induced neovascularization and improved renal morphology of the stenotic kidney in 2 kidneys-1 clip (2K-1C) model of renovascular hypertension. The present study evaluated the effects of MSC in the contralateral hypertensive kidney. Three weeks after left renal artery occlusion, MSC were injected into the tail vein of the 2K-1C rats.

Upregulation of AT1R and iNOS in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is essential for the sympathetic hyperactivity and hypertension in the 2K-1C Wistar rat model.

Background: We hypothesized that upregulation of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) could contribute to two-kidney, one-clip (2K-1C) hypertension.

Methods: The experiments were performed in male Wistar rats, 6 weeks after the renal surgery. The animals were divided into control (SHAM, n = 18) and hypertensive groups (2K-1C, n = 18).

High sucrose intake in rats is associated with increased ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in the adipose tissue.

Sucrose-fed rats, a model of metabolic syndrome, are characterized by insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and high plasma levels of triacylglycerols and angiotensin II (Ang II). However, whether tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is altered in metabolic syndrome is unclear. To study this issue, food ad libitum and water (C) or 20% sucrose solution (SC) were given to adult male Wistar rats, for 30 days.