Transpelvic urethrostomy in a female dog with congenital vestibulovaginal and urethral stenosis: A case report.

Objective: To describe transpelvic urethrostomy (TPU) as a surgical technique for the successful treatment of vestibulovaginal and urethral stenosis in a 7 month old female spayed mixed-breed dog.

Study Design: Case report.

Sample Population: Female spayed mixed-breed dog with obstructive vaginal tissue present on vaginal examination.

Clinical characteristics of, prognostic factors for, and long-term outcome of dogs with multiple acquired portosystemic shunts: 72 cases (2000-2018).

Objective: To identify clinical characteristics of, prognostic factors for, and long-term outcome of dogs with multiple acquired portosystemic shunts (MAPSSs) and determine whether survival time was associated with previous portosystemic shunt attenuation.

Animals: 72 client-owned dogs with MAPSSs.

Procedures: Medical records of dogs in which MAPSSs had been diagnosed between January 2000 and August 2018 were reviewed for signalment, historic and diagnostic findings, management methods, and outcome.

Observer Variability of Arthroscopic Cartilage Grading Using the Modified Outerbridge Classification System in the Dog.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to determine the inter- and intra-observer variability of the modified Outerbridge cartilage classification system in canine joints evaluated via arthroscopy.

Materials And Methods:  Fifty arthroscopic videos of canine cartilage were scored by six observers, where three of the observers had significant arthroscopic experience and three had minimal to no experience. The kappa () statistic was used to evaluate overall and individual score inter-observer variability, as well as experience variability.