Hormone sensitivity predicts the beneficial effects of transdermal estradiol on reward-seeking behaviors in perimenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial.

Unlabelled: Depression is highly prevalent during the menopause transition (perimenopause), and often presents with anxious and anhedonic features. This increased vulnerability for mood symptoms is likely driven in part by the dramatic hormonal changes that are characteristic of the menopause transition, as prior research has linked fluctuations in estradiol (E2) to emergence of depressed mood in at risk perimenopausal women. Transdermal estradiol (TE2) has been shown to reduce the severity of depression in clinically symptomatic women, particularly in those with recent stressful life events.

Biobehavioral mechanisms underlying testosterone and mood relationships in peripubertal female adolescents.

The pubertal transition is characterized by pronounced sex hormone fluctuation, refinement of affective neural circuitry, and an increased risk of depression in female adolescents. Sex hormones, including testosterone, exert modulatory effects on frontal-limbic brain networks and are associated with emotion dysregulation and depressive symptoms. Weekly changes in hormones predict affective symptoms in peripubertal female adolescents, particularly in the context of stress; however, the biobehavioral mechanisms underlying hormone change and mood relationships during the pubertal transition have yet to be determined and was the objective of the present study.

[Disease course in patients admitted to Bærum Hospital with the Delta and Omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus].

Background: Waves of infection have formed the pattern of the COVID-19 pandemic. A wave dominated by the delta variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in autumn 2021 was superseded by the omicron variant over the course of a few weeks around Christmas. We describe how this transition affected the population of patients admitted to a Norwegian local hospital with COVID-19.

Feasibility of Patient-Managed ECG Recordings to Detect the Time of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Electrical Cardioversion: Results from the PRE-ELECTRIC Study.

Background: Electrical cardioversion (ECV) is a common procedure to terminate persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). The recurrence rate is high, and the patients often fail to recognize AF recurrence.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of patient-managed electrocardiography (ECG) to detect the time to AF recurrence after ECV.

Impact of frailty on the performance of the National Early Warning Score 2 to predict poor outcome in patients hospitalised due to COVID-19.

Background: The National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) is a scoring tool predictive of poor outcome in hospitalised patients. Older patients with COVID-19 have increased risk of poor outcome, but it is not known if frailty may impact the predictive performance of NEWS2. We aimed to investigate the impact of frailty on the performance of NEWS2 to predict in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalised due to COVID-19.

Life stress influences the relationship between sex hormone fluctuation and affective symptoms in peripubertal female adolescents.

Female adolescents have a greatly increased risk of depression starting at puberty, which continues throughout the reproductive lifespan. Sex hormone fluctuation has been highlighted as a key proximal precipitating factor in the development of mood disorders tied to reproductive events; however, hormone-induced affective state change is poorly understood in the pubertal transition. The present study investigated the impact of recent stressful life events on the relationship between sex hormone change and affective symptoms in peripubertal female participants.

Baseline anxiety-sensitivity to estradiol fluctuations predicts anxiety symptom response to transdermal estradiol treatment in perimenopausal women - A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The menopausal transition (perimenopause) is associated with an increased risk of major depression, characterized by anxiety and anhedonia phenotypes. Greater estradiol (E2) variability predicts the development of perimenopausal depression, especially within the context of stressful life events (SLEs). While transdermal E2 (TE2) reduces perimenopausal depressive symptoms, the mechanisms underlying TE2 efficacy and predictors of TE2 treatment response remain unknown.

HPA axis activity across the menstrual cycle - a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

Differential HPA axis function has been proposed to underlie sex-differences in mental disorders; however, the impact of fluctuating sex hormones across the menstrual cycle on HPA axis activity is still unclear. This meta-analysis investigated basal cortisol concentrations as a marker for HPA axis activity across the menstrual cycle. Through a systematic literature search of five databases, 121 longitudinal studies were included, summarizing data of 2641 healthy, cycling participants between the ages of 18 and 45.

Methods for characterizing ovarian and adrenal hormone variability and mood relationships in peripubertal females.

Peripubertal females are at elevated risk for developing affective illness compared to males, yet biological mechanisms underlying this sex disparity are poorly understood. Female risk for depression remains elevated across a woman's reproductive lifespan, implicating reproductive hormones. A sensitivity to normal hormone variability during reproductive transition events (e.

Three waves of COVID-19 in a Norwegian local hospital.

Background: The objective of this article is to summarise the course of illness and treatment for patients with COVID-19 admitted to Bærum Hospital since the start of the pandemic.

Material And Method: We present data from a prospective observational study with the aim of systematising knowledge about patients admitted because of COVID-19. All patients admitted to Bærum Hospital up to and including 28 June 2021 were included.

Factors Associated With Residents' Responsive Behaviors Toward Staff in Long-Term Care Homes: A Systematic Review.

Background And Objectives: When staff experience responsive behaviors from residents, this can lead to decreased quality of work life and lower quality of care in long-term care homes. We synthesized research on factors associated with resident responsive behaviors directed toward care staff and characteristics of interventions to reduce the behaviors.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods systematic review with quantitative and qualitative research.

Impact of Mentoring on Academic Career Success for Women in Medicine: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Research has shown that barriers to career success in academic medicine disproportionately affect women. These barriers include inadequate mentoring, which may perpetuate the underrepresentation of women in senior leadership positions. The purpose of this review was to summarize the qualitative and quantitative evidence of the impact of mentoring on women's career outcomes and to inform future interventions to support the promotion and retention of women in academic medicine.

Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Experimental Pain Sensitivity and Cortisol Responses in Women With Early Life Abuse: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Early life abuse (ELAb) initiates pathophysiological cascades resulting in long-term maladaptive stress responsivity, hyperalgesia, and an increased risk of psychopathology. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is effective in modifying psychological and somatic symptoms; thus, we predicted that MBSR would be particularly efficacious for women with ELAb.

Method: Medically healthy women (mean age = 31 years) with or without a history of early (≤13 years) physical or sexual abuse provided self-report measures and were tested in the laboratory before and after randomization to standard MBSR (n = 52) or social support (SSG) (n = 60) for 8 weeks.

Examining fidelity in the INFORM trial: a complex team-based behavioral intervention.

Background: Fidelity in complex behavioral interventions is underexplored. This study examines the fidelity of the INFORM trial and explores the relationship between fidelity, study arm, and the trial's primary outcome-care aide involvement in formal team communications about resident care.

Methods: A concurrent process evaluation of implementation fidelity was conducted in 33 nursing homes in Western Canada (Alberta and British Columbia).

Comparing effects of two higher intensity feedback interventions with simple feedback on improving staff communication in nursing homes-the INFORM cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Effective communication among interdisciplinary healthcare teams is essential for quality healthcare, especially in nursing homes (NHs). Care aides provide most direct care in NHs, yet are rarely included in formal communications about resident care (e.g.

[Complications and mortality among patients hospitalised with COVID-19].

Background: The course of disease, complications and hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19 admitted to Norwegian hospitals has not been widely described. The purpose of this study was to survey patients with COVID-19 admitted to a local hospital.

Material And Method: The data were retrieved from a prospective observational study of all patients admitted with COVID-19 to Bærum Hospital since the start of the coronavirus outbreak.

National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) on admission predicts severe disease and in-hospital mortality from Covid-19 - a prospective cohort study.

Background: There is a need for validated clinical risk scores to identify patients at risk of severe disease and to guide decision-making during the covid-19 pandemic. The National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) is widely used in emergency medicine, but so far, no studies have evaluated its use in patients with covid-19. We aimed to study the performance of NEWS2 and compare commonly used clinical risk stratification tools at admission to predict risk of severe disease and in-hospital mortality in patients with covid-19.

COVID-19: Symptoms, course of illness and use of clinical scoring systems for the first 42 patients admitted to a Norwegian local hospital.

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak is presenting the health system with new challenges, and there is a great need for knowledge about symptoms, clinical findings and course of illness in patients admitted to Norwegian hospitals with COVID-19.

Material And Method: In this observational qualitative study, all patients admitted to a Norwegian local hospital (Bærum Hospital) with proven COVID-19 infection were included consecutively from the start of the outbreak. We present here patient characteristics, symptoms, clinical findings, experience of using clinical scoring systems and course of illness based on data in medical records.

Effect of an Interactive Website to Engage Patients in Advance Care Planning in Outpatient Settings.

Purpose: Online programs may help to engage patients in advance care planning in outpatient settings. We sought to implement an online advance care planning program, PREPARE (Prepare for Your Care; http://www.prepareforyourcare.

Unsafe student nurse behaviours: The perspectives of expert clinical nurse educators.

Clinical evaluation of undergraduate nursing students is one of the most challenging aspects of baccalaureate nursing education, especially for novice clinical instructors. Early identification of unsafe student behaviours is necessary to ensure students obtain adequate support and guidance. The degree to which clinical instructors are certain about what is safe and unsafe varies, and greatly influences their decisions about evaluative processes and which patients to assign to students.

The information-seeking patterns of care aides who work in nursing homes.

Aim: To explore the information-seeking patterns of care aides who work in nursing homes.

Background: Under the direction and supervision of nursing professionals, care aides provide the majority of direct care to nursing home residents. Understanding how, why, when and where they seek information to perform their duties is important for managers, policymakers and stakeholders.

Acute stress modifies oscillatory indices of affective processing: Insight on the pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Objective: The current study evaluated the differential impact of acute psychosocial stress exposure on oscillatory correlates of affective processing in control participants and patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ) to elucidate the stress-mediated pathway to psychopathology.

Methods: EEG was recorded while 21 control participants and 21 patients with SCZ performed emotional framing tasks (assessing a key aspect of emotion regulation (ER)) before and after a laboratory stress challenge (Trier Social Stress Test). EEG spectral perturbations evoked in response to neutral and aversive stimuli (presented with positive or negative contextual cues) were extracted in theta (4-8 Hz) and beta (12-30 Hz) frequencies.