Effect of lactic acid addition to equine whole blood on platelet aggregation measured by impedance aggregometry.

Background: Acidemia in sick or injured horses is often due to lactic acid accumulation. Alterations in platelet function and hemostasis are among numerous deleterious effects caused by decreased physiologic pH.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperlactatemia and resultant acidemia on platelet aggregation in equine whole blood using impedance aggregometry.

The effect of adding lactic acid to canine whole blood on platelet aggregation as measured by impedance aggregometry.

Background: Acidemia in sick dogs often results from the accumulation of lactic acid. The resulting decrease in blood pH can have many physiologic effects, including alteration of platelet function.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperlactatemia and subsequent acidemia on platelet aggregation in canine blood using impedance aggregometry.

Retrospective evaluation of serum/plasma iron, red blood cell distribution width, and nucleated red blood cells in dogs with acute trauma (2009-2015): 129 cases.

Objective: To compare the prognostic value of admission hematologic parameters serum/plasma iron, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs) in dogs presenting with acute traumatic injury.

Design: Retrospective observational study (2009-2015).

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Evaluation of Histogel- and Gelfoam-embedded bronchoalveolar lavage and transtracheal wash fluids compared with cytocentrifuged and sediment smear preparations.

Background: Storage and temperature significantly impact bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis, and shipment of samples to diagnostic laboratories is often necessary. Alternative sample preparation methods could limit storage and temperature effects.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine if airway wash samples that were fixed in formalin after being embedded in Histogel or Gelfoam gave comparable results to fresh cytocentrifuged or sediment smear preparations for the evaluation of cell morphology.

In vitro effect of blood cell counts on multiple-electrode impedance aggregometry in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of decreased platelet and WBC counts on platelet aggregation as measured by a multiple-electrode impedance aggregometer in dogs. ANIMALS 24 healthy dogs. PROCEDURES From each dog, 9 mL of blood was collected into a 10-mL syringe that contained 1 mL of 4% sodium citrate solution to yield a 10-mL sample with a 1:9 citrate-to-blood ratio.

A novel form of macrothrombocytopenia in Akita dogs.

Blood samples from 3 unrelated Akita dogs with a common history of persistent macrothrombocytopenia in the absence of clinical bleeding were sent to the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine (AUCVM) Clinical Pathology Laboratory for evaluation. Due to low platelet counts, one Akita dog had been treated with corticosteroids for presumed immune-mediated platelet destruction, and one Akita dog was treated with doxycycline for one month for presumed infection by a tick-borne agent. In spite of treatment, platelet counts remained low in both dogs.

Hematologic findings predictive of bone marrow disease in dogs with multicentric large-cell lymphoma.

Background: Evaluation of the bone marrow is needed for complete staging in dogs with multicentric large-cell lymphoma, but is often omitted in clinical practice.

Objectives: The objective was to determine if routine peripheral blood findings, including microscopic evaluation of blood smears, can predict the presence of bone marrow involvement in dogs with lymphoma.

Methods: Hematologic data including evaluation of blood smears and bone marrow aspirates from 107 dogs newly diagnosed with large-cell lymphoma were retrospectively evaluated.

Multifocal cutaneous histiocytic sarcoma in a young dog and review of histiocytic cell immunophenotyping.

A 9-month-old male Great Dane had progressive generalized nodular dermatopathy for several months. There were > 100 raised, alopecic, firm, painful nodules throughout the skin. Aspirates from several lesions yielded moderate numbers of irregularly round or polygonal to spindle-shaped cells with mild to moderate anisocytosis and few inflammatory cells, and the cytologic interpretation was proliferation of mesenchymal or histiocytic cells.

Evaluation of HistoGel™-embedded specimens for use in veterinary diagnostic pathology.

HistoGel™ is an aqueous specimen-processing gel that encapsulates and suspends histologic and cytologic specimens in a solidified medium. HistoGel-embedded specimens can then be processed and evaluated by routine histologic and immunohistochemical methods. This methodology has been used in human diagnostic pathology and is especially useful for small, friable, or viscous tissue samples that are difficult to process.

Evaluation and clinical application of platelet function testing in small animal practice.

Tests that evaluate many aspects of platelet function have been applied in both human and veterinary medicine for the monitoring of treatment with platelet function inhibitors and for detection of platelet function abnormalities (inherited or acquired). Interspecies variation in the response to various platelet agonists is an important consideration when methods that have been developed for people are applied in other species. At the present time, many of these assays are not readily available in standard veterinary practice.

Resistance of canine lymphoma cells to adenoviral infection due to reduced cell surface RGD binding integrins.

Recombinant adenovirus vectors (Ad) have been recognized as effective in vivo gene delivery vehicles and utilized as gene therapy agents for a number of cancers. The elucidation of viral entry mechanisms has allowed the development of recombinant vectors that exploit existing cell surface receptors to achieve entry into the cell. B lymphocytes are normally resistant to infection by adenovirus 5, likely due to the lack of the Coxsackie and Adenovirus receptor (CAR).

Unique structure of the M loop region of β1-tubulin may contribute to size variability of platelets in the family Felidae.

Background: Platelet size is relatively uniform in mammals except for domestic cats. Uniform platelet production by megakaryocytes can be disrupted if microtubule assembly or dynamics is impaired. Mutations in the gene encoding β1-tubulin have been documented in dogs and people, and the resulting microtubule effects have been associated with production of large platelets.

Intravascular hemolysis associated with severe cutaneous burn injuries in five horses.

Five horses were evaluated because of severe cutaneous burn injuries following a barn fire. Gross hemolysis and morphologic changes in RBCs consistent with oxidative damage were detected in all of the horses. Of these horses, 4 became azotemic.