Susceptibility of pESI positive Salmonella to treatment with biocide chemicals approved for use in poultry meat processing as compared to Salmonella without the pESI plasmid.

Salmonella is a common cause of human foodborne illness, which is frequently associated with consumption of contaminated or undercooked poultry meat. Serotype Infantis is among the most common serotypes isolated from poultry meat products globally. Isolates of serotype Infantis carrying the pESI plasmid, the most dominant strain of Infantis, have been shown to exhibit oxidizer tolerance.

Genome analysis of serovar enteritis strains isolated from poultry and humans in Burkina Faso.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to characterize four Enteritidis isolates from poultry () and human () from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Antimicrobial resistance genes, chromosomal mutations, and mobile genetic elements were identified by analysis of WGS data using sequence homology.

Prevalence and Subtype Characterization of Campylobacter in Ceca of Commercial Broiler Chickens at Processing - A 452 Flock, Seven-year Survey.

Human Campylobacter infections have been associated with chicken and other poultry meat products. Environmental conditions such as temperature and season can affect Campylobacter recoverability from chicken meat products. In the presented study, we sought to investigate the relationship between ambient weather conditions and the isolation of Campylobacter from chicken flocks, as well as the subtype of these isolates.

Polymerase chain reaction for the in vitro detection of the pESI plasmid associated with the globally circulating Salmonella Infantis outbreak strain.

A globally circulating strain of Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis containing the pESI plasmid has increased in prevalence in poultry meat samples and cases of human infections. In this study, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol was designed to detect the pESI plasmid and confirm the Infantis serotype of Salmonella isolates. Primers were tested bioinformatically to predict specificity, sensitivity, and precision.

Exudate From Retail Chicken Liver Packaging Allows for Survival of Naturally Occurring Campylobacter, Coliforms, and Aerobic Microorganisms Under Drying Conditions.

Campylobacter spp. are a leading cause of human foodborne illness associated with chicken meat products in the United States. Chicken livers, including exudate from packaging, commonly carry Campylobacter and could be a source of illness if mishandled.

Buffered Peptone Water Formulation Does Not Influence Growth of pESI-positive Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis.

Salmonella enterica is a major cause of human foodborne illness and is often attributed to poultry food sources. S. enterica serovar Infantis, specifically those carrying the pESI plasmid, has become a frequently isolated serotype from poultry meat samples at processing and has caused numerous recent human infections.

High-throughput functional annotation of natural products by integrated activity profiling.

Determining mechanism of action (MOA) is one of the biggest challenges in natural products discovery. Here, we report a comprehensive platform that uses Similarity Network Fusion (SNF) to improve MOA predictions by integrating data from the cytological profiling high-content imaging platform and the gene expression platform Functional Signature Ontology, and pairs these data with untargeted metabolomics analysis for de novo bioactive compound discovery. The predictive value of the integrative approach was assessed using a library of target-annotated small molecules as benchmarks.

Increased Prevalence of Infantis Isolated from Raw Chicken and Turkey Products in the United States Is Due to a Single Clonal Lineage Carrying the pESI Plasmid.

Infantis has recently become one of the most common serotypes of Salmonella isolated in the U.S. from raw meat samples collected in processing facilities and in retail stores.

Distribution and Transfer of Plasmid Replicon Families among Multidrug-Resistant and from Poultry.

The presence and transfer of plasmids from commensal bacteria to more pathogenic bacteria may contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. However, the prevalence of plasmids from commensal bacteria, such as the enterococci, in food animals remains largely unknown. In this study, the diversity and prevalence of plasmid families from multidrug-resistant (MDR; resistance to three or more antimicrobials) enterococci from poultry carcasses were determined.

Resistance Genes, Plasmids, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), and Phenotypic Resistance of Non-Typhoidal (NTS) Isolated from Slaughtered Chickens in Burkina Faso.

The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in developing countries increases risks to the health of both such countries' residents and the global community due to international travel. It is consequently necessary to investigate antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in countries such as Burkina Faso, where surveillance data are not available. To study the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in , 102 strains isolated from slaughtered chickens were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to obtain information on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and other genetic factors.

Analysis of Salmonella enterica Isolated from a Mixed-Use Watershed in Georgia, USA: Antimicrobial Resistance, Serotype Diversity, and Genetic Relatedness to Human Isolates.

As the cases of Salmonella enterica infections associated with contaminated water are increasing, this study was conducted to address the role of surface water as a reservoir of S. enterica serotypes. We sampled rivers and streams ( = 688) over a 3-year period (2015 to 2017) in a mixed-use watershed in Georgia, USA, and 70.

Genomic Comparison of Conjugative Plasmids from and Encoding Beta-Lactamases and Capable of Mobilizing Kanamycin Resistance Col-like Plasmids.

and are important human pathogens that frequently contain plasmids, both large and small, carrying antibiotic resistance genes. Large conjugative plasmids are known to mobilize small Col plasmids, but less is known about the specificity of mobilization. In the current study, six and four strains containing large plasmids were tested for their ability to mobilize three different kanamycin resistance Col plasmids (KanR plasmids).

SAM-Competitive PRMT5 Inhibitor PF-06939999 Demonstrates Antitumor Activity in Splicing Dysregulated NSCLC with Decreased Liability of Drug Resistance.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) overexpression in hematologic and solid tumors methylates arginine residues on cellular proteins involved in important cancer functions including cell-cycle regulation, mRNA splicing, cell differentiation, cell signaling, and apoptosis. PRMT5 methyltransferase function has been linked with high rates of tumor cell proliferation and decreased overall survival, and PRMT5 inhibitors are currently being explored as an approach for targeting cancer-specific dependencies due to PRMT5 catalytic function. Here, we describe the discovery of potent and selective S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) competitive PRMT5 inhibitors, with and characterization of clinical candidate PF-06939999.

Exocyst protein subnetworks integrate Hippo and mTOR signaling to promote virus detection and cancer.

The exocyst is an evolutionarily conserved protein complex that regulates vesicular trafficking and scaffolds signal transduction. Key upstream components of the exocyst include monomeric RAL GTPases, which help mount cell-autonomous responses to trophic and immunogenic signals. Here, we present a quantitative proteomics-based characterization of dynamic and signal-dependent exocyst protein interactomes.

Serotyping of sub-Saharan Africa Salmonella strains isolated from poultry feces using multiplex PCR and whole genome sequencing.

Background: Salmonella enterica remains a leading cause of food-borne diseases worldwide. Serotype information is important in food safety and public health activities to reduce the burden of salmonellosis. In the current study, two methods were used to determine serotypes of 111 strains of Salmonella isolated from poultry feces in Burkina Faso.

Carriage and Gene Content Variability of the pESI-Like Plasmid Associated with Infantis Recently Established in United States Poultry Production.

Infantis carrying extended spectrum β-lactamase on a pESI-like megaplasmid has recently emerged in United States poultry. In order to determine the carriage rate and gene content variability of this plasmid in U.S.

A stress-induced tyrosine-tRNA depletion response mediates codon-based translational repression and growth suppression.

Eukaryotic transfer RNAs can become selectively fragmented upon various stresses, generating tRNA-derived small RNA fragments. Such fragmentation has been reported to impact a small fraction of the tRNA pool and thus presumed to not directly impact translation. We report that oxidative stress can rapidly generate tyrosine-tRNA fragments in human cells-causing significant depletion of the precursor tRNA.

Transferable Plasmids of Associated With Antibiotic Resistance Genes.

is a common foodborne illness in the United States and globally. An increasing number of infections are resistant to antibiotics, and many of the genes responsible for those resistances are carried by plasmids. Plasmids are important mediators of horizontal gene exchange, which could potentially increase the spread of antibiotic resistance (AR) genes.

Molecular determinants of nephron vascular specialization in the kidney.

Although kidney parenchymal tissue can be generated in vitro, reconstructing the complex vasculature of the kidney remains a daunting task. The molecular pathways that specify and sustain functional, phenotypic and structural heterogeneity of the kidney vasculature are unknown. Here, we employ high-throughput bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing of the non-lymphatic endothelial cells (ECs) of the kidney to identify the molecular pathways that dictate vascular zonation from embryos to adulthood.

Genomic Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant from Surface Water in Northeast Georgia, United States: Presence of an ST131 Epidemic Strain Containing on a Phage-Like Plasmid.

Surface water is suspected of playing a role in the development and spread of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacteria, including human pathogens. In our previous study, 496 isolates were recovered from water samples collected over a 2-year period from the Upper Oconee watershed, Athens, GA, United States, of which 34 (6.9%) were AR isolates.

Genomic comparison of diverse Salmonella serovars isolated from swine.

Food animals act as a reservoir for many foodborne pathogens. Salmonella enterica is one of the leading pathogens that cause food borne illness in a broad host range including animals and humans. They can also be associated with a single host species or a subset of hosts, due to genetic factors associated with colonization and infection.

A Genome-wide Functional Signature Ontology Map and Applications to Natural Product Mechanism of Action Discovery.

Gene expression signature-based inference of functional connectivity within and between genetic perturbations, chemical perturbations, and disease status can lead to the development of actionable hypotheses for gene function, chemical modes of action, and disease treatment strategies. Here, we report a FuSiOn-based genome-wide integration of hypomorphic cellular phenotypes that enables functional annotation of gene network topology, assignment of mechanistic hypotheses to genes of unknown function, and detection of cooperativity among cell regulatory systems. Dovetailing genetic perturbation data with chemical perturbation phenotypes allowed simultaneous generation of mechanism of action hypotheses for thousands of uncharacterized natural products fractions (NPFs).