Increasing the Self-Confidence of School Nurses to Provide Mental Health Care to Students.

Background: School nurses want and need continued education in student mental health care because of variability in their knowledge, skills, and confidence in assessing and responding to mental health concerns. To address this concern, two student mental health simulation scenarios were developed for a large school-based health program in Hawaii.

Method: School nurses ( = 51) participated in a 1-day skills training that included two scenarios with actors depicting students presenting with depression or anxiety.

Mental Health Interventions in Middle Schools: A 10-Year Review of Research.

Schools can play an important role in addressing growing concerns about adolescent mental health. Mental health of high school students has predominantly been the focus in literature with less emphasis on younger adolescents. This review identified articles published in the last decade that described evaluations of middle school-based mental health interventions and randomized participants to an intervention or control condition.

Development of Youth-Centered Health Messaging Posters for High School-Based Health Clinics in Hawaii.

Background: Youth may be reluctant to seek health care from school health providers due to feeling embarrassed or stigmatized in the health office environment or worried about their confidentiality. The purpose of this project was to create a set of youth-centered health posters that promote youth engagement with nursing staff and to standardize health messaging across high schools in Hawaii school-based clinics.

Methods: Two community advisory boards, 1 composed of 10 youth stakeholders (mean age 17 years) and the other of 7 adult stakeholders, informed poster development utilizing web-based discussion groups.

Mentoring for Black and Minoritized Allied Health Professionals in Health and Social Care: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Diversity, equality and belonging are important aspects within Allied Health Professional (AHP) groups. Mentoring is considered as a solution to improve career progression. To date, there is no consensus on what good mentoring looks like and whether current models are fit for purpose for Black and Minoritised Ethnicity AHPs.

Developing an Intervention to Improve Occupational Participation for Justice-Involved People with a Personality Disorder: Defining and Describing Intervention Components.

Occupational participation is undertaking personally meaningful and socially valued activities and roles. It is an important outcome for health and justice interventions, as it is integral to health and desistance. We report the third of a four-stage research project to develop an intervention to improve occupational participation for justice-involved people with a personality disorder in the community.

Parent-Adolescent Sex Communication with Sexual and Gender Minority Youth: An Integrated Review.

Introduction: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth experience adverse sexual health outcomes at higher rates than their heterosexual and cisgender peers. Although parent-adolescent sex communication (PASC) is associated with improved sexual health outcomes among heterosexual youth, less is known about PASC with SGM youth.

Methods: Studies describing experiences of SGM youth and parents during PASC and/or health outcomes of PASC were reviewed.

Wheelchair and seating assistive technology provision: a gateway to freedom.

Aim: The meaning of wheelchair and seating assistive technology and the impact inappropriate provision has on people's lives from a service user's perspective within an Irish context is highlighted. There is a dearth in evidence examining the process of wheelchair and seating provision and the interconnectedness between satisfaction, performance and participation from an equality and human rights perspective. The purpose if the study is to investigate wheelchair service users' perspectives of wheelchair and seating provision in Ireland.

Perinatal Anxiety and Depression in Minority Women.

Depression and anxiety are common during pregnancy and are experienced at higher rates among women who are racial and ethnic minorities. Because depression and anxiety influence maternal and infant outcomes, intervening to improve perinatal mental health should be a priority for all healthcare providers. However, in the United States, a number of barriers including lack of mental health providers, lack of perinatal behavioral health systems, and stigma, limit access to care.

People with severe problematic personality traits and offending histories: What influences occupational participation?

Background: Occupational participation is important for personality disordered offenders (PDOs) because it is integral to health and desistance from offending. What influences occupational participation is unknown for PDOs in the community, limiting effective intervention to affect change. In England and Wales, the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway aims to improve outcomes for people considered highly likely to have a severe personality disorder and who present a high risk of reoffending, who are determined to be PDOs on the basis of a structured assessment.

What influences social outcomes among offenders with personality disorder: A systematic review.

Background: Personality disorder is highly prevalent in offender populations and is associated with poor health, criminal justice, and social outcomes. Research has been conducted into factors that influence offending and health, but, in order to improve (re)habilitation, service providers must also be able to identify the variables associated with social outcomes and the mechanisms by which they operate.

Aim: To establish what is known about what influences social outcomes among offenders with personality disorder.

How effective are interventions to improve social outcomes among offenders with personality disorder: a systematic review.

Background: Offenders with personality disorder are supported by health, criminal justice, social care and third sector services. These services are tasked with reducing risk, improving health and improving social outcomes. Research has been conducted into interventions that reduce risk or improve health.

What can be learned from adolescent time diary research.

Time use is increasingly being recognized as a determinant and indicator of adolescent well-being internationally. Three existing literature reviews of time-use research with children and adolescents have identified time-use diaries as the preferred data collection method. Furthermore, they have encouraged researchers to examine multidimensional patterns of overall time use in large-sample whole child populations to better understand the health, well-being, and quality of life of children and young people.

A person-centred analysis of the time-use, daily activities and health-related quality of life of Irish school-going late adolescents.

Purpose: The health, well-being and quality of life of the world's 1.2 billion adolescents are global priorities. A focus on their patterns or profiles of time-use and how these relate to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may help to enhance their well-being and address the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases in adulthood.

A scoping review of time-use research in occupational therapy and occupational science.

Background: Time use is a defining interest within occupational therapy and occupational science. This is evident through the range of contributions to the disciplinary knowledge base. Indeed it has been suggested that time-use methods are amongst the most established research techniques used to explore aspects of human occupation.

"What she told us made the world of difference": carers' perspectives on a hospice at home service.

Unlabelled: This paper explores the expectations and needs of current and bereaved carers whose relatives received care at home from a palliative care team.

Aim: A hospice at home service was established in 2006 to provide patients with care in their own homes. We examined whether this model of care was helpful in mitigating carers' burden and in enabling terminally ill patients to be cared for and die at home.

Teriparatide and denosumab, alone or combined, in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: the DATA study randomised trial.

Background: Osteoporosis medications increase bone-mineral density (BMD) and lower but do not eliminate fracture risk. The combining of anabolic agents with bisphosphonates has not improved efficacy. We compared combined teriparatide and denosumab with both agents alone.

Revisiting 1:1 and 2:1 clinical placement models: student and clinical educator perspectives.

Aim: A recent systematic review suggests that more comparative research is required on the effectiveness of clinical placement models. This study explored perspectives of clinical educators and students who had participated in both the 1:1 (one student supervised by one clinical educator) and 2:1 (two students supervised by one clinical educator) models of clinical education across occupational therapy and physiotherapy programmes in Ireland.

Methods: Qualitative data using a descriptive approach were gathered through individual semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of 12 students and eight clinical educators.

Effects of aromatase inhibition on bone mineral density and bone turnover in older men with low testosterone levels.

Context: Aging is associated with declining gonadal steroid production, low bone mineral density (BMD), and fragility fractures. The efficacy and safety of testosterone replacement in older men remains uncertain.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the effects of aromatase inhibition on BMD in older men with low testosterone levels.

Living in a glasshouse: exploring occupational alienation.

Background: Community mental health care has shifted focus from resettlement to empowerment, reflecting a wider agenda for social inclusion.

Purpose: This study evaluated mental health day services from the perspectives of thirty-nine clients.

Method: Data analysis of the four focus groups explored the implications for occupational therapy.