Use of healthcare failure mode and effect analysis (HFMEA) to quantify risks of the human milk feeding process.

The complexity of the expressed breast milk feeding process in the neonatal intensive care unit was not fully appreciated until we used a healthcare failure mode and effect analysis. This approach identified latent risks and provided semiquantitative estimates of the effectiveness of recommendations. Findings demonstrated nursing interruptions and multitasking requirements contributed to risk, emphasizing the need for focused and isolated expressed breast milk handling to improve patient safety and outcomes.

Interleukin-12 up-regulates Fas expression in human osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma cells by enhancing its promoter activity.

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has shown significant antitumor activity in several preclinical animal tumor models. Our previous studies showed that IL-12 inhibited tumor growth in human osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma animal model. Decreased Fas expression in osteosarcoma increased the lung metastatic potential.

Increased Fas expression reduces the metastatic potential of human osteosarcoma cells.

Purpose: The process of metastasis requires the single tumor cell that seeds the metastatic clone to complete a complex series of steps. Identifying factors responsible for these steps is essential in developing and improving targeted therapy for metastasis. Resistance to receptor-mediated cell death, such as the Fas/Fas ligand pathway, is one mechanism commonly exploited by metastatic cell populations.

Interleukin-12 enhances the sensitivity of human osteosarcoma cells to 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide by a mechanism involving the Fas/Fas-ligand pathway.

Cyclophosphamide (CY) and its derivative ifosfamide are alkylating agents used to treat osteosarcoma (OS). The purpose of these studies was to determine whether alkylating agents affect the expression of Fas ligand (FasL) and whether interleukin 12 enhances the sensitivity of human OS cells to alkylating agents. 4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC), the preactivated CY compound, and 4-hydroperoxydidechlorocloclophosphamide (4-HDC), its nonalkylating analogue, human OS LM6 cells, and a clone of cells derived by transfection with the interleukin 12 gene (LM6-#6) were used for these studies.

Fas expression inversely correlates with metastatic potential in osteosarcoma cells.

A complex series of steps must take place to allow for a single cell to metastasize. Identifying factors responsible for these steps is essential in developing targeted therapy. We developed series of osteosarcoma cell lines with differing metastatic potentials.