Causes and management of sight threatening complications of dermal filler injections: A review.

Injectable dermal fillers continue to increase in popularity in aesthetic medicine. Although rare, vision loss secondary to filler injections is a devastating complication associated with a poor visual prognosis. The mechanism for vision loss is thought to be related to retrograde embolization of the dermal filler from peripheral vessels in the face into the ophthalmic arterial system.

Early low-dose rituximab for active thyroid eye disease: An effective and well-tolerated treatment.

Background: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that can be disfiguring and potentially sight threatening. Suppression of inflammation in active disease can reduce the risk of visual loss and limit long-term sequelae. Current management involves inflammation suppression using glucocorticoids.

Early use of steroid-sparing agents in the inactivation of moderate-to-severe active thyroid eye disease: a step-down approach.

Objectives: The current first-line treatment for management of active thyroid eye disease (TED) is high-dose intravenous corticosteroids, which have the potential for serious adverse effects. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of steroid-sparing agents (SSAs) in patients with moderate-to-severe active TED, using methotrexate as first-line.

Methods: Presented is a retrospective, four-year, single-centre, consecutive case series of patients with moderate-to-severe TED treated using the Oxford protocol.

The "reading man" flap for reconstruction of large periorbital defects.

Purpose: The "reading man" flap (RMF), a double advancement transposition cutaneous flap named for its appearance, has been described in the reconstruction of various circular skin defects, particularly in the malar region. We describe two cases where this flap was used to reconstruct the lower eyelid/periorbital region.

Methods: Two oculoplastic patients with lower eyelid basal cell carcinomas underwent Mohs micrographic excision resulting in a large skin defects.

Use of x-ray film implant for the repair of orbital fractures.

Purpose: To evaluate the experience with sterilized x-ray film in the repair of orbital blow-out fractures (BOFs).

Methods: A retrospective review of case notes from 56 patients with orbital BOF repaired using sterilized x-ray film onlay implants at 2 institutions between November 2004 and December 2010. Patient demographics, timing of surgery, surgical approach, postoperative complications, and length of follow up were recorded.

Visual field changes after transient elevation of intraocular pressure in eyes with and without glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate visual field (VF) changes in glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous eyes after transient elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP).

Design: Prospective experimental study.

Participants: One hundred subjects (38 with glaucoma, 62 glaucoma suspects and controls).