The Epidemiology of Thyroid Eye Disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2005-2020.

To describe the epidemiology of thyroid eye disease (TED). A population-based cohort of all Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents who had newly diagnosed TED between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2020, was identified through the medical diagnostic index of the Rochester Epidemiology Project. Individuals aged 18 years and older were included.

Impact of Teprotumumab on Clinical Practice in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Background: Following its Food and Drug Administration approval in January 2020, we examined the impact of teprotumumab on thyroid eye disease (TED) clinical practices.

Methods: Across 3 referral centers from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2022, we retrospectively analyzed demographics, clinical features, treatment choices, and insurance status of patients with active, moderate to severe TED.

Results: Of 74 patients recommended for medical therapy, 53% received collaborative recommendations from endocrinologists and ophthalmologists in a TED clinic.

Eyelid and Brow Rejuvenation: Technical Pearls and Outcomes of Upper Blepharoplasty with or without Ptosis Correction and Brow Lift.

Background: Eyelid ptosis may present with upper lid dermatochalasis and brow ptosis. When indicated, ptosis correction (PC) is advocated during upper blepharoplasty (UB). In this study, the authors aimed to report their outcomes following UB and PC.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated With Increased Failure Rate of Ptosis Repair.

Purpose: This study investigates how Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects the outcomes of ptosis repair. We hypothesized that patients with OSA have an increased rate of reoperation after ptosis repair.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients age >18 from the Mayo Clinic who underwent ptosis repair by levator advancement or Müller muscle-conjunctiva resection between 2018 and 2021.

Leptospirosis and the Environment: A Review and Future Directions.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the disease is frequently overlooked and underdiagnosed, leading to uncertainty of the true scale and severity of the disease. A neglected tropical disease, leptospirosis disproportionately impacts disadvantaged socioeconomic communities most vulnerable to outbreaks of zoonotic disease, due to contact with infectious animals and contaminated soils and waters.

Surgical Anatomy of the Microscopic and Endoscopic Transorbital Approach to the Middle Fossa and Cavernous Sinus: Anatomo-Radiological Study with Clinical Applications.

Background: The transorbital approaches (TOAs) have acquired growing notoriety, thanks to their ability to offer alternative corridors to the skull base. However, the limited access and the unfamiliarity with this surgical perspective make recognition of key landmarks difficult, especially for less experienced surgeons. The study wants to offer a detailed description of the anatomy to comprehend the potential and limitations of TOAs.

Proof-of-concept and Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trials of an FcRn Inhibitor, Batoclimab, for Thyroid Eye Disease.

Context: Inhibition of the neonatal fragment crystallizable receptor (FcRn) reduces pathogenic thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TSH-R-Ab) that drive pathology in thyroid eye disease (TED).

Objective: We report the first clinical studies of an FcRn inhibitor, batoclimab, in TED.

Design: Proof-of-concept (POC) and randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials.

Incidence and Characteristics of Facial and Ophthalmic Injuries From Domestic Mammal Bites: Parts of the data in the manuscript were presented at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, 2022.

Purpose: To determine population-based incidence and characteristics of facial and ophthalmic injuries from domestic mammal bites in Olmsted County, Minnesota.

Design: Retrospective, population-based cohort study.

Methods: The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) was used to identify all potential cases of facial injuries from domestic mammal bites in Olmsted County, Minnesota from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2015.

Alemtuzumab-Induced Thyroid Eye Disease: A Comprehensive Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Purpose: To present 5 cases of alemtuzumab-induced thyroid eye disease (AI-TED) and review the literature to highlight the natural history, severity, and outcomes as compared with conventional thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective case series of patients with AI-TED was compiled. Chart review evaluated for clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and treatment for AI-TED.

Thyroid eye disease or Graves' orbitopathy: What name to use, and why it matters.

There is currently no universally accepted name for inflammatory disease of the eye and orbit associated with thyroid autoimmune disease. Variability in terminology impedes the evaluation of scientific literature and clinical collaboration and can affect patients' understanding of a disease process. The goals of this perspective article are 1.

Virtual Surgical Planning and 3D-Printed Surgical Guides in Facial Allotransplantation.

The complex three-dimensional (3D) anatomy in facial allotransplantation creates a unique challenge for surgical reconstruction. Evolution of virtual surgical planning (VSP) through computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing has advanced reconstructive outcomes for many craniomaxillofacial indications. Surgeons use VSP, 3D models, and surgical guides to analyze and to trial surgical approaches even prior to entering the operating room.

Telemedicine for Preoperative Evaluation of Upper Eyelid Malposition: Reliability of Diagnosis and Surgical Plan.

Purpose: Outpatient visits and surgeries for nonurgent indications in ophthalmology have intermittently been restricted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telemedicine services have rapidly gained acceptance during this period, and could improve patient access for routine oculoplastic evaluations in the future. The objective of this study is to investigate interobserver and intraobserver reliability of eyelid and brow position assessment and surgical plan when comparing photography-based and face-to-face evaluation.

Malaria-induced ptosis.

Purpose: This study reports two cases of malaria-induced ptosis with surgical resolution.

Observations: Case 1 is a 27-year-old female with a past medical history of bilateral ptosis following childhood malaria. Case 2 is a 63-year-old male with left-side ptosis following adult-onset malaria.

An Assessment of Globe Position Dynamics following Transcranial Lateral and Superior Orbital Wall Resections without Rigid Reconstruction: A Case Series of 55 Patients.

 There is no consensus exists regarding which reconstructive approach, if any, should be used after performing transcranial lateral orbital wall resections. Rigid reconstruction is often done to prevent enophthalmos; however, it is not clear if this is a risk with extensive orbital wall resections for transcranial surgery.  To assess globe position dynamics in patients that underwent transcranial lateral and superior orbital wall resections without rigid reconstruction to determine if enophthalmos is a significant risk.

Delayed periorbital hemorrhage in oculoplastic surgery patients on oral anticoagulants.

Periorbital hemorrhage is a potentially sight threatening surgical complication. The effect of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) on hemorrhagic events after periorbital surgery has not been investigated. We describe four cases of severe delayed postoperative hemorrhage associated with NOACs, in addition to three cases in patients on traditional antithrombotic agents.

Accelerated visual recovery from protracted hypoxic cortical blindness in a child.

Purpose: This report describes accelerated visual recovery in a child following protracted hypoxic cortical visual loss and reviews mechanisms responsible for visual recovery.

Observations: A 12-year-old boy developed cortical blindness after a severe snowboarding crash. Magnetic resonance imaging showed severe multifocal hypoxic brain injury, with multifocal restricted diffusion and extensive T2/FLAIR hyperintensities throughout the visual cortex, basal ganglia and midbrain.

Pre-aponeurotic Fat Prolapse Following Levator Resection for Congenital Ptosis.

The authors describe three children who developed excess overhanging upper eyelid tissue following unilateral levator resection for congenital ptosis. This was thought to be pre-aponeurotic fat herniation. A second procedure, a variation of sulcoplasty, was performed at a mean 4.

Distinguishing IgG4-Related Ophthalmic Disease From Graves Orbitopathy.

Purpose: The authors aimed to determine key features of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) and Graves orbitopathy (GO) to aid in diagnosis.

Methods: The authors retrospectively identified ophthalmology patients seen between June 2009 and November 2013 with clinical overlap of GO and IgG4-ROD. Patient findings were reviewed to characterize the 2 conditions.

Chemodenervation for the Treatment of Facial Dystonia: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the medical literature on the outcomes and complications of various Food and Drug Administration-approved botulinum toxins for benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and hemifacial spasm (HFS).

Methods: Literature searches were last conducted in February 2017 in PubMed for articles published in English and in the Cochrane Library database without language limitations; studies published before 2000 were excluded. The combined searches yielded 127 citations.