A Mobile Health Intervention to Support Collaborative Decision-Making in Mental Health Care: Development and Usability.

Background: Shared decision-making between clinicians and service users is crucial in mental health care. One significant barrier to achieving this goal is the lack of user-centered services. Integrating digital tools into mental health services holds promise for addressing some of these challenges.

Towards a global partnership model in interprofessional education for cross-sector problem-solving.

Objectives: A partnership model in interprofessional education (IPE) is important in promoting a sense of global citizenship while preparing students for cross-sector problem-solving. However, the literature remains scant in providing useful guidance for the development of an IPE programme co-implemented by external partners. In this pioneering study, we describe the processes of forging global partnerships in co-implementing IPE and evaluate the programme in light of the preliminary data available.

Nicotine use and non-pathological alcohol use and their relationship to affective symptoms and sleep disturbances in bipolar disorder.

Background: The use of alcohol and nicotine can negatively impact the course of bipolar disorder (BD), but there is limited knowledge about how symptoms and sleep disturbances are related to concurrent nicotine use and non-pathological use of alcohol.

Methods: We investigated how nicotine use and non-pathological use of alcohol relates to affective symptoms and sleep disturbances in 453 participants with BD without substance use disorders. Manic symptoms were assessed with the Young Mania Rating Scale, and depressive symptoms with The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician-Rated (IDS-C).

COVID-19 lockdown - who cares? The first lockdown from the perspective of relatives of people with severe mental illness.

Background: Informal care is vital to many people with severe mental illness under normal circumstances. Little is known about how extraordinary circumstances affect relatives with a family member with mental illness. This study investigated the consequences of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Norway from the perspective of relatives of persons with psychotic- and/or bipolar disorders: What were the challenges and for whom?

Method: Relatives were invited to complete an online survey shortly after the first lockdown was initiated.

The COVID-19 pandemic impact on wellbeing and mental health in people with psychotic and bipolar disorders.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic affects people globally, but it may affect people with psychotic and bipolar disorders disproportionally. Our aims were to investigate the pandemic impact on perceived wellbeing and mental health in this population, including which pandemic-related factors have had an impact.

Methods: People with psychotic and bipolar disorders (N = 520; female = 81%; psychotic disorders n = 75/bipolar disorder n = 445) completed an online survey about wellbeing and mental health in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (June 5-July 5, 2020).

Locked out during COVID-19 lockdown-an online survey of relatives of people with psychotic and bipolar disorders in Norway.

Background: Many relatives of people with psychotic and bipolar disorders experience a high caregiver burden normally. During the first COVID-19 lockdown, mental health services partly shut down in many countries. The impact on relatives is unknown.

Characterizing the Genetic Overlap Between Psychiatric Disorders and Sleep-Related Phenotypes.

Background: A range of sleep disturbances are commonly experienced by patients with psychiatric disorders, and genome-wide genetic analyses have shown some significant genetic correlations between these traits. Here, we applied novel statistical genetic methodologies to better characterize the potential shared genetic architecture between sleep-related phenotypes and psychiatric disorders.

Methods: Using the MiXeR method, which can estimate polygenic overlap beyond genetic correlation, the shared genetic architecture between major psychiatric disorders (bipolar disorder [N = 51,710], depression [N = 480,359], and schizophrenia [N = 77,096]) and sleep-related phenotypes (chronotype [N = 449,734], insomnia [N = 386,533] and sleep duration [N = 446,118]) were quantified on the basis of genetic summary statistics.

The Influence of Mental Health Literacy, Migration, and Education on the Duration of Untreated Psychosis.

Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is associated with outcome in psychotic disorders and influenced by contextual factors such as immigration. Here we aimed to investigate the effect of mental health literacy (MHL) on duration of untreated psychosis considering the influence of migration and education. A total of 269 participants who received their first adequate medical treatment for a psychotic disorder within the current or past year were included to the Thematically Organized Psychosis study in Oslo, Norway.

Substance Misuse Trajectories and Risk of Relapse in the Early Course of Bipolar Disorder.

Substance misuse is highly prevalent in bipolar disorder even in the early illness phases. However, the trajectories of misuse of different substances after treatment initiation is not well-studied. Also, knowledge on how substance misuse trajectories influence the early course of bipolar disorder is limited.

Neurodevelopment outcomes in infants born to women with Zika virus infection during pregnancy in Mexico.

Background: Few studies have assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes in normocephalic infants born to women with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy in Mexico. We sought to evaluate ZIKV exposed infants in Yucatan, Mexico, with performance-based and eye-gaze measures of neurodevelopment, removing observer bias.

Methods: We enrolled 60 infants about 6-month old born to women with PCR + test for ZIKV during pregnancy.

Opening the curtains for better sleep in psychotic disorders - considerations for improving sleep treatment.

Background: Sleep disturbances are prevalent in people with psychosis and are related to several negative outcomes. Recent research indicates that sleep disturbances contribute to the development of psychosis and is therefore an important treatment target. Despite this, a study found that sleep problems in people with psychosis were mostly assessed informally and treated with non-recommended interventions.

Sleep disturbance mediates the link between childhood trauma and clinical outcome in severe mental disorders.

Background: The experience of childhood trauma is linked to more severe symptoms and poorer functioning in severe mental disorders; however, the mechanisms behind this are poorly understood. We investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and sleep disturbances in severe mental disorders including the role of sleep disturbances in mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and the severity of clinical symptoms and poorer functioning.

Methods: In total, 766 participants with schizophrenia-spectrum (n = 418) or bipolar disorders (n = 348) were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.

Perceived and experienced stigma in first-episode psychosis: A 1-year follow-up study.

Objectives: Perceived/experienced stigma and its relationship with clinical outcome were investigated across the first year of treatment in a large sample with first-episode psychosis (FEP).

Methods: FEP participants (n=112) in the TOP study were investigated at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Perceived/experienced stigma was measured with items from the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.

Do sleep disturbances contribute to cognitive impairments in schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders?

Sleep disturbances and cognitive impairments are both frequent across psychotic disorders, with debilitating effects on functioning and quality of life. This study aims to investigate if sleep disturbances are related to cognitive impairments in schizophrenia spectrum (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BD), if this relationship varies between different sleep disturbances (insomnia, hypersomnia or delayed sleep phase (DSP)) and lastly, if this relationship differs between clinical groups and healthy controls (HC). We included 797 patients (SCZ = 457, BD = 340) from the Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) study in Norway.

Sleep disturbances in schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders - a transdiagnostic perspective.

Background: Sleep disturbances are prevalent in severe mental disorders but their type and frequency across diagnostic categories has not been investigated in large scale studies.

Methods: Participants with Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ, (N = 617)), Bipolar disorders (BD, (N = 440)), and Healthy Controls (HC, (N = 173)) were included in the study. Sleep disturbances (insomnia, hypersomnia and delayed sleep phase) were identified based on items from the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms - Clinician rated scale.

Validity of the Birchwood insight scale in patients with schizophrenia spectrum- and bipolar disorders.

The aim of this study is to investigate the validity of the Norwegian version of the Insight Scale (IS) in large and representative samples of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder. A total of 997 participants were included (schizophrenia spectrum disorders: 557; bipolar I disorder: 282; bipolar II disorder: 138). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the construct validity and bivariate correlational analysis was applied to investigate convergent validity.

Elicitation of Minimum and Maximum Fundamental Frequency and Vocal Intensity: Discrete Half Steps Versus Glissando.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of elicitation method, either discrete half steps or glissando, on the minimum fundamental frequency, maximum fundamental frequency, minimum vocal intensity, and maximum vocal intensity.

Method: Fifty-six healthy-voice participants (28 males and 28 females) ranging from 18 to 25 years of age participated in the study. Each participant performed both the discrete half steps and the glissando procedure.

A systematic review of resonant voice therapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to systematically review the literature on resonant voice therapy and to evaluate the level of evidence on the effectiveness of using resonant voice therapy in treating dysphonia.

Method: Refereed journal papers from 1974 to 2014 were retrieved and reviewed by two independent reviewers using the keywords "Humming, Resonance, Resonant Voice, Semi-occluded or closed tube phonation" using available database systems. Quality of evidence was evaluated by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Psychosis: clinical insight and beliefs in immigrants in their first episode.

Aim: Lack of insight into illness is frequent in psychotic disorders and seen as part of their primary pathology. The recognition of symptoms as psychotic, and beliefs about treatment alternatives, is also influenced by socio-cultural factors. Here we examined clinical insight into illness and beliefs about psychosis in immigrants in their first episode of psychosis compared with a reference group.

Quantitative high-speed laryngoscopic analysis of vocal fold vibration in fatigued voice of young karaoke singers.

Purpose: The present study aimed to determine whether there were physiological differences in the vocal fold vibration between nonfatigued and fatigued voices using high-speed laryngoscopic imaging and quantitative analysis.

Methods: Twenty participants aged from 18 to 23 years (mean, 21.2 years; standard deviation, 1.

Patterns of childhood adverse events are associated with clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder.

Background: Previous studies in bipolar disorder investigating childhood trauma and clinical presentations of the illness have mainly focused on physical and sexual abuse. Our aim was to explore further the relationship between childhood trauma and disease characteristics in bipolar disorder to determine which clinical characteristics were most strongly associated with childhood trauma total score, as well as subtypes of adverse childhood events, including physical, sexual, emotional abuse and neglect.

Methods: 141 Patients with bipolar disorder were consecutively recruited, and disease history and clinical characteristics were assessed.

Apathy, poor verbal memory and male gender predict lower psychosocial functioning one year after the first treatment of psychosis.

Background: Apathy is a negative symptom associated with poor psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia but has not been sufficiently studied as predictor of poor functioning in first episode psychosis (FEP).

Objective: The main aim of the current study was to evaluate if apathy predicts poor functioning after 1 year in FEP patients in the context of other clinical variables with influence on outcome.

Method: Sixty-four FEP patients completed an extensive clinical and neuro-psychological test battery at baseline and 1-year follow-up.

High prevalence of childhood trauma in patients with schizophrenia spectrum and affective disorder.

Objective: Childhood trauma (CT) is a major risk factor for various psychiatric disorders. We wanted to determine the prevalence of CT in a catchment area-based sample of schizophrenia spectrum and affective disorder (including bipolar disorder and depressive episodes with psychotic features) and to explore potential differences in types of CT between the diagnostic groups.

Method: Three hundred five patients were recruited consecutively from psychiatric units at 3 major hospitals in Oslo, Norway, diagnosed with Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition.