"Triple V-Plasty": Creation of a Single Orifice for Three Renal Arteries in Live-Donor Transplantation.

Background: Donor renovascular anatomic variations can hinder renal transplantation (RT), especially from live donors. Back-table vascular reconstruction can be effective in the use of renal allografts with multiple renal arteries (RAs), helping to expand the pool of live donors.

Surgical Technique: Sequential V-plasty of 3 donor RAs using fine, non-absorbable, monofilament (7-0 or 8-0 polypropylene) suture in an uninterrupted fashion successfully enabled the creation of a single, wide ostium for anastomosis with the target inflow recipient artery.

Triple V-plasty: Novel Renovascular Reconstruction Technique in Live-Donor Transplantation.

Introduction: Donor renovascular anomalies, including multiplicity, length and caliber of blood vessels, could hinder renal transplantation, especially from live-donors. However, meticulous back-bench vascular reconstruction ascertaining orientation and patency of individual vessels can be effective in utilization of renal grafts with multiple renal arteries, helping to expand the pool of live-donors.

Surgical Technique: Sequential v-plasty of individual donor renal arteries using fine, non-absorbable, monofilament (7-0 or 8-0 Prolene) suture in an uninterrupted fashion enables creation of a single, wide ostium for anastomosis with the target, inflow recipient (usually external or common iliac) artery.

Antibiotic tolerance, persistence, and resistance of the evolved minimal cell, JCVI-Syn3B.

Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem, but bacteria can evade antibiotic treatment via tolerance and persistence. Antibiotic persisters are a small subpopulation of bacteria that tolerate antibiotics due to a physiologically dormant state. Hence, persistence is considered a major contributor to the evolution of antibiotic-resistant and relapsing infections.