Influence of the preimplantation embryo development (Ped) gene on embryonic platelet-activating factor (PAF) levels.

Purpose: A major gene responsible for the control of preimplantation cleavage rate is the Ped gene, the product of which is the Qa-2 protein. Fast, but not slow developing mouse embryos express the Qa-2 protein. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a novel and potent signaling phospholipid that has unique pleiotropic properties in addition to platelet activation.

The hemotoxicity of para-substituted aniline analogs in dog and rat erythrocytes: a species comparison.

Introduction: Hemolytic anemia, the early removal of erythrocytes from the circulation, has been recognized as a side effect of drugs and other environmental chemicals. Formation of methemoglobin (MetHb) following chemical exposure is the first hemotoxic response in the induction of hemolytic anemia. The purpose of this study was to compare the species differences in the chemical induction of MetHb in dog and rat erythrocytes exposed to para-substituted halogenated aniline analogs (phenylhydroxylamine, p-bromo-, p-fluoro-, and p-iodo-phenyhydroxylamine).

Hemolytic potential of structurally related aniline halogenated hydroxylamines.

This study was undertaken to investigate the hemolytic potential of several structurally related aniline halogenated phenylhydroxylamines based on their decreasing electro negativity. The compounds compared are phenylhydroxylamine (PHA) and para-fluoro-, para-bromo-, and para-iodo-phenylhydroxylamines. Red blood cells of male Sprague-Dawley rats were labeled with radioactive chromium-51 and exposed to the test agent before being infused into the tail vein of isologous rats.

Aniline derivative-induced methemoglobin in rats.

Methemoglobinemia and hemolysis are the most prominent side-effects of exposure to a wide variety of arylamine drugs, including agricultural and industrial chemicals. Recent studies with aniline and dapsone have identified N-hydroxyl metabolites as the red blood cell (RBC) mediators. This study examines the time-course methemoglobinemic potential of several halogenated aniline phenylhydroxylamines.

Embryonic platelet-activating factor: temporal expression of the ligand and receptor.

Purpose: Preimplantation embryos synthesize platelet-activating factor (PAF) and this embryo-derived PAF is required for development. PAF's signal transduction is receptor-mediated and PAF-receptor mRNA is present in early embryos. The study objective was to determine the relationship between PAF production and PAF-receptor mRNA expression levels in mouse preimplantation embryos.