Do young adults complete health care proxies before anesthesia?

Background: Health care proxy (HCP) completion rates by older adults are relatively low; however, not much is known about proxy completion rates by younger adults.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify HCP completion rates amongst 18-21 year old young adults without intellectual disabilities admitted to a pediatric hospital peri-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and determine whether there was an association with any demographic factors.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed to describe demographic variables, presence of HCP, and relationship to proxy.

Childhood asthma in the Bronx, NY; the impact of pollutants on length of hospital stay.

Objective: The length of hospital stay (LOS) is a proxy of asthma exacerbation severity and healthcare cost. The study aims to estimate the effect of ambient air pollution on pediatric asthma LOS in the Bronx, NY.

Methods: A total of 1,920 children admitted to the hospital in Bronx, NY due to asthma during 2017-2019 period were included in the study.

Comparison of Children Hospitalized for Asthma Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Studies suggest that children with asthma experienced improved symptom control and less frequent inpatient admission during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic. The characteristics of hospitalized children remain less well defined. This retrospective cohort study compared patients admitted for asthma during the pandemic with patients hospitalized the year prior at a children's hospital in the Bronx, New York.

Facial dermatitis in a healthy 9-year-old boy.

This case report describes a boy who presented to the hospital with worsening facial rash and fevers. He had previously been prescribed mometasone cream for rosacea, which his mother applied daily for about 45 days. After a biopsy was performed, he was diagnosed with acneiform dermatitis likely secondary to topical corticosteroid use complicated by demodex folliculitis and a superimposed bacterial infection.

A rare cause of a cavitary lung lesion in an infant.

Paraesophageal hernias in children are rare, and can occur congenitally or be acquired. Acquired cases most often follow anti-gastroesophageal reflux surgery, or less commonly trauma. In children, elective repair is encouraged at the time of diagnosis to prevent future life-threatening complications.

Variations in Care for Breastfed Infants Admitted to US Children's Hospitals: A Multicenter Survey of Inpatient Providers.

Background: Studies have revealed an association between hospitalization of breastfed infants and weaning posthospitalization. It is unknown what steps inpatient providers at children's hospitals are currently taking to support breastfeeding mothers of hospitalized infants, their comfort providing breastfeeding counseling, and what training they receive.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter survey study of pediatric providers who care for infants hospitalized at 3 urban, tertiary-care children's hospitals over a 12-month period.

Comparison of severity of asthma hospitalization between African American and Hispanic children in the Bronx.

There are racial and ethnic disparities in childhood asthma burden and outcomes. Although there have been comparisons between whites and minorities, there are few between minority groups. This study aimed to compare characteristics of asthma hospitalizations in African American and Hispanic children.

Impact of Obesity on Asthma Morbidity During a Hospitalization.

Background: Asthma and obesity are 2 common pediatric problems. Obesity is a known risk factor for asthma, and obese children with asthma have higher disease burden. However, little is known on how obesity in urban minority children, mainly Hispanic and African American children, impacts morbidity during pediatric asthma hospitalizations.

Adolescents and Their Parents: Perceptions of Addressing Obesity in the Inpatient Setting.

Objectives: Extending obesity screening to the inpatient setting may increase adolescent and parent awareness of weight status. Whether this should be a priority given limited resources depends on how interventions would be received by adolescents and their parents. In this study, we aimed to further understand the perception of adolescents and their parents to addressing obesity in the inpatient setting to inform how to better address this issue.

Acceptance of Routine HIV Testing by Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults.

Background And Objectives: Youth carry a disproportionate burden of new HIV infections. With our study, we aimed to characterize HIV testing experiences among adolescents and young adults admitted to a children's hospital that is located in a high HIV-prevalent community and implemented routine HIV testing for all patients ≥13 years of age.

Methods: A total of 120 patients aged 13 to 24 years old who were admitted to our hospital and had a documented offer of routine HIV testing on admission were invited to complete a self-administered survey that asked about sex, race and/or ethnicity, HIV risk behaviors, and attitudes toward routine HIV testing in the hospital.

Physician Perspectives on Obesity Screening in Hospitalized Children.

Nearly one-third of the children in the United States are obese or overweight and face associated physical and mental health issues.(1,2) Parents often misperceive and underreport their child's weight status.(3-5) This misperception is a major barrier to increasing healthy lifestyle choices, such as limiting screen time, increasing physical activity, improving diet, and participating in prevention programs.