A 3D-Printed, High-Fidelity Pelvis Training Model: Cookbook Instructions and First Experience.

Since laparoscopic surgery became the gold standard for colorectal procedures, specific skills are required to achieve good outcomes. The best way to acquire basic and advanced skills and reach the learning curve plateau is by using dedicated simulators: box-trainers, video-trainers and virtual reality simulators. Laparoscopic skills training outside the operating room is cost-beneficial, faster and safer, and does not harm the patient.

Histologic parameters driving completion thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma in a high-volume institution: A retrospective observational study.

Background: When the histological examination indicates papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), there is no unanimity on the need to proceed with completion thyroidectomy (CT). This study aims to assess the histologic parameters that influenced the decision to perform CT.

Materials And Methods: This study included PTC patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy between 2019 and 2022.

Long-Term Outcome of Patients with Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Treated with Total Thyroidectomy Alone.

Background: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), mainly papillary (PTC), at low risk of recurrence is currently managed with active surveillance strategies or less aggressive surgeries. However, total thyroidectomy with I treatment is still performed both if these tumors are diagnosed before or occasionally after surgery. This real-life study aimed to evaluate the rate of biochemical, structural, and functional events in a large series of consecutive DTCs at low risk of recurrence treated by total thyroidectomy, but not with I, in a medium-long-term follow-up.

Insights into Ultrasound Features and Risk Stratification Systems in Pediatric Patients with Thyroid Nodules.

Thyroid nodules in pediatric patients are less common than in adults but show a higher malignancy rate. Accordingly, the management of thyroid nodules in pediatric patients is more complex the younger the patient is, needing careful evaluation by physicians. In adult patients, specific ultrasound (US) features have been associated with an increased risk of malignancy (ROM) in thyroid nodules.

Molecular profiling of low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (mPTC) on active surveillance.

Context: The active surveillance (AS) program for papillary thyroid carcinoma (≤ 1 cm) at low-risk (mPTC) showed a low percentage of progression.

Objective: The aim of this study was to find a molecular signature of cases that showed disease progression during AS, which would allow their early identification.

Methods: We performed next generation sequencing of 95 fine needle aspiration cytology specimens from cases prospectively enrolled in the AS program to analyze key somatic driver alterations or gene fusions implicated in PTC tumorigenesis.

Minor role of TP53 and TERT promoter mutations in medullary thyroid carcinoma: report of new cases and revision of the literature.

Purpose: Aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of TP53 and TERT mutations in Medullary Thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and their role in inducing aggressiveness in positive cases.

Methods: We performed a literature search in PubMed to identify studies investigating the prevalence of TERT and TP53 mutations in MTC. We also included data on MTC cases (n = 193) obtained at our center and unpublished.

Liver Phantoms Cast in 3D-Printed Mold for Image-Guided Procedures.

Introduction: Image-guided invasive procedures on the liver require a steep learning curve to acquire the necessary skills. The best and safest way to achieve these skills is through hands-on courses that include simulations and phantoms of different complications, without any risks for patients. There are many liver phantoms on the market made of various materials; however, there are few multimodal liver phantoms, and only two are cast in a 3D-printed mold.

Hand-foot syndrome in sorafenib and lenvatinib treatment for advanced thyroid cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical impact of hand-foot syndrome (HFS) during treatment with two multikinase inhibitors, sorafenib and lenvatinib, in a large group of patients with advanced thyroid cancer. Moreover, we looked for possible associations between HFS occurrence and clinical and pathological features.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 239 patients with advanced thyroid cancer: 165 treated with lenvatinib and 74 with sorafenib.

Gelatin-Based Liver Phantoms for Training Purposes: A Cookbook Approach.

: Patients with liver pathology benefit from image-guided interventions. Training for interventional procedures is recommended to be performed on liver phantoms until a basic proficiency is reached. In the last 40 years, several attempts have been made to develop materials to mimic the imaging characteristics of the human liver in order to create liver phantoms.

Timing and Ideal Patient for an Appropriate Search for Somatic Mutation in Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

RET somatic mutation analysis in sporadic MTC should be guided by postoperative evaluation results.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on thyroidectomy for malignant diseases in high-volume referral centers.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has limited the availability of healthcare resources for non-COVID patients and decreased elective surgeries, including thyroidectomy. Despite the prioritization of surgical procedures, it has been reported that thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer (TCa) was adversely impacted. We assessed the impact of the pandemic on the surgical activities of two high-volume referral centers.

IgG4 serum levels in Graves' orbitopathy.

Objective: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) can involve many organs, including thyroid and orbital tissues. A link between IgG4, Graves' disease (GD) and Graves' orbitopathy (GO) has been proposed, but results are conflicting. Here we investigated the possible association between IgG4 and GO.

A Misleading Case of NTRK-Rearranged Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Herein, we present a misleading case of advanced papillary thyroid carcinoma with lung, node, and pleural metastases, initially diagnosed as metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with papillary features, based on the histological and immunohistochemical analysis of a pleural biopsy. Between August 2019 and August 2020, the patient received 2 ineffective lines of systemic therapy, including a first line of chemotherapy with cisplatin and pemetrexed, and a second line of immunotherapy with atezolizumab. Comprehensive genomic profiling by next-generation sequencing on the archival pleural biopsy revealed an NTRK1-TMP3 fusion and comutation of the TERT promoter, commonly found in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Management of patients with extensive locally advanced thyroid cancer: results of multimodal treatments.

Purpose: Surgery plays a key role in the treatment of thyroid cancer (TC) patients. Locally advanced cases, however, can require an extensive surgical approach with technical issues and a high risk of complications. In these cases, a multidisciplinary evaluation should be carried out to evaluate pros and cons.

BRAF K601E Mutation in Oncocytic Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) being the most common subtype. BRAF and RAS oncogene were characterized as the most frequently altered genes in PTC, with a strong association between genotype and histotype. The most common mutation in BRAF gene is V600E and is prevalent in classic and aggressive variants of PTC, while BRAF K601E mutation is the most common among the other rare BRAF mutations.

Development of a pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma registry within the EuRRECa project: rationale and protocol.

Background: Although differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is the most frequent endocrine pediatric cancer, it is rare in childhood and adolescence. While tumor persistence and recurrence are not uncommon, mortality remains extremely low. Complications of treatment are however reported in up to 48% of the survivors.

Effect of Pregnancy and Menopause on Micropapillary Thyroid Carcinomas During Active Surveillance.

Background: The effect of estrogen and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin on micropapillary thyroid carcinoma (mPTC) is not defined. Pregnancy and menopause could represent critical moments during active surveillance (AS) for women with mPTC.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of either pregnancy or menopause on growth of mPTCs on AS.

Phase 3 Trial of Selpercatinib in Advanced -Mutant Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Background: Selpercatinib, a highly selective, potent RET inhibitor, has shown efficacy in advanced -mutant medullary thyroid cancer in a phase 1-2 trial, but its efficacy as compared with approved multikinase inhibitors is unclear.

Methods: We conducted a phase 3, randomized trial comparing selpercatinib as first-line therapy with the physician's choice of cabozantinib or vandetanib (control group). Eligible patients had progressive disease documented within 14 months before enrollment.

Usefulness of second 131I treatment in biochemical persistent differentiated thyroid cancer patients.

Background: Second 131I treatment is commonly performed in clinical practice in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and biochemical incomplete or indeterminate response (BiR/InR) after initial treatment.

Objective: The objective of the is study is to evaluate the clinical impact of the second 131I treatment in BiR/InR patients and analyze the predictive factors for structural incomplete response (SiR).

Patients And Methods: One hundred fifty-three BiR/InR patients after initial treatment who received a second 131I treatment were included in the study.