[Biological deacidification of wines using lactic-acid bacteria and yeasts].

Based on a study of 200 lactic-acid bacteria monocultures and 30 associating lactic bacteria and yeasts cultures, a stable association was created formed by Leuconostoc oenos, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts, intended for the biological deacidification of wine. Physiology of microorganisms and their effect on the wine chemical composition was studied. By means of selective association, high quality fine wines were produced from the high-acid wines.

[Biopolymer fragments, containing glycosylphosphate residues. 12. Synthesis of glycosylphosphosugars, containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranosylphosphate residues including a fragment of the Neisseria meningitidis A capsule antigen].

2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl hydrogen phosphonate was synthesised and used for the first syntheses of glycosyl phosphosugars containing N-acetylmannosamine residue. The phosphodiesters prepared include ManNAc(alpha)-P-6Man(alpha)Me, an analogue of the fragment of some lysosomal glycoproteins, and ManNAc(alpha)-P-6ManNAc(alpha)Np, a derivative of the fragment of the capsular antigen from Neisseria meningitidis A.

[Experimental edema and the activity of the pulmonary surfactant system during the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis].

Experiments on 23 white rats and 10 guinea pigs have shown that preliminarily indomethacin-induced inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis prevented development of pulmonary oedema, evoked by heterologous serum in rats and by vagotomy in guinea pigs. Fourfold infusion of indomethacin in experiments on 29 rats decreased extracellular fraction activity of the pulmonary surfactant and exhausted its cellular reserve.

[Biosynthesis of vitamins B by the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus in a submerged culture].

The intra- and extracellular contents of vitamins were studied in the course of submerged cultivation of the higher basidial mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) Kummer st.

[Sensitivity of mannosyl transferases from Salmonella serotype E1 and B to modification of the donor heterocyclic base].

A series of synthetic nucleoside diphosphate mannoses with different heterocyclic bases were tested as GDP-Man analogues in enzymatic mannosylation during assembly of O-antigen repeating units of Salmonella anatum and Salmonella typhimurium. The substrate efficiency was found to depend strongly on oxygen atom presence at C6 of the purine residue, the H2N-C2-N1-H grouping of the heterocyclic nucleus being less important. UDP-Man proved to be an efficient substrate for the mannosylation reactions.

[Changes in insulin secretion shortly after injury of the ventromedial hypothalamus].

In 8 series of the experiments on 95 rats changes in the immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and blood sugar content, as well as of the indices of insulin deposition in pancreatic islands, were studied 5 hours after the injure to the hypothalamic ventromedial nuclei (HVMN) and subsequent two-hour feeding of the animals. It was found that the blood sugar- and IRI levels are significantly lowered in rats 5 hours after HVMN affection, caused by vigorous emotional and motor excitation. The 2-hour feeding of the animals 5 hours after HVMN disturbance led to an increase in the glycemia and insulinemia (almost 5 times) levels.

[Specificity of the enzymes of Salmonella O-antigen biosynthesis. 6. Synthesis of sugar nucleotides with glycosyl phosphate activation. Analogs of guanosine diphosphate mannose modified at position 6 ofthe purine ring].

Interaction of alpha-D-mannopyranosyl phosphate with diphenyl phosphochloridate gave the trisubstituted pyrophosphate which was converted through the reaction with nucleoside 5'-phosphates into nucleoside 5'-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)pyrophosphates. The method was used for preparation of guanosine diphosphate mannose analogs derived from adenine, purine, 2-aminopurine, 2-amino-6-methoxypurine, 2-amino-6-chloropurine, and 2-amino-6-mercaptopurine. These analogs are necessary for study on substrate specificity of mannosyltransferases of Salmonella O-specific polysaccharides biosynthesis.

[Pattern of growth and metabolism of thermotolerant microorganisms on media containing carbohydrates and hydrocarbons].

Experiments were carried out to examine the growth and metabolism of thermotolerant yeast Candida tropicalis K-41 and bacteria Micrococcus freudenreichii that do not have a single temperature point but instead have an optimal temperature plateau at which the growth rate and biosynthetic activity remain unaltered or change insignificantly. Upon transition from the carbohydrate to the hydrocarbon pattern of nutrition these microorganisms show significant changes in metabolic processes: optimal concentration of biotin in the medium decreases significantly; the synthesis of riboflavin, nicotinic and pantothenic acids increases in yeast; the synthesis of nicotinic acid, biotin and vitamin B12 increases in bacteria. During microbial cultivation on hydrocarbons the content of cell lipids grows; yeast accumulate actively phospholipids and free fatty acids; bacteria build up intensively waxes and phospholipids.

Interaction of uridine diphosphate glucose analogs with calf liver uridine diphosphate glucose dehydrogenase. Influence of substituents at C-5 of pyrimidine nucleus.

The interaction of alpha-D-glucopyranosyl pyrophosphates of 5-X-uridines (X = CH3, NH2, CH3O, I, Br, Cl, OH) with uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPGlc) dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.