The Prevalence and Factors Associated with Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Gout.

Unlabelled: Gout is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Therefore, an association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and gout deserves careful examination.

Aim: .

[Uric acid, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration].

This article examines the role of uric acid (UA) in cognitive changes and neurodegeneration, focusing on its functions as an antioxidant and prooxidant. Research suggests that changes in serum UA levels may be associated with the development or delay of cognitive impairment, especially in the context of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. It was revealed that there is a relationship between the level of UA and the dynamics of cognitive functions, indicating the potential neuroprotective properties of UA.

[Diastolic dysfunction of ventricles in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease while receiving anti-inflammatory therapy].

Background: Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) may be associated with developing of diastolic dysfunction (DD).

Aim: To determine the variability of echocardiographic parameters in patients with CPPD receiving anti-inflammatory therapy.

Materials And Methods: Twenty six patients with CPPD and osteoarthritis (OA) from 18 to 65 years old were included in the case-control study.

Contributing Factors of Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Gout (Results of the Long-Term Prospective Study).

It is assumed that the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with gout is influenced by both generally accepted risk factors and factors related to gout. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of various risk factors for T2DM in patients with gout. A total of 444 patients (49 women, 395 men) ≥18 years old with gout and without DM were included.

The Phenolic Compounds' Role in Beer from Various Adjuncts.

Background: The present article considers the influence of malt with various adjuncts on beer organic compounds and taste profile composition, with more attention paid to the phenol complex change. The topic under consideration is relevant since it studies the interactions of phenolic compounds with other biomolecules, and expands the understanding of the adjuncts organic compounds contribution and their joint effect on beer quality.

Methods: Samples of beer were analyzed at a pilot brewery using barley and wheat malts, barley, rice, corn and wheat, and then fermented.

The Influence of Biomolecule Composition on Colloidal Beer Structure.

Recent studies have revealed an interest in the composition of beer biomolecules as a colloidal system and their influence on the formation of beer taste. The purpose of this research was to establish biochemical interactions between the biomolecules of plant-based raw materials of beer in order to understand the overall structure of beer as a complex system of bound biomolecules. Generally accepted methods of analytical research in the field of brewing, biochemistry and proteomics were used to solve the research objectives.

[Advantages of the use of metformin in patients with impaired uric acid metabolism].

Metformin is one of the oldest and at the same time relevant and effective drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. At the same time, the mechanism of the hypoglycemic effect was not completely clear until recently. Current data suggest that the mechanism of action of metformin contributes to the development of an anti-inflammatory effect, as well as a decrease in the level of uric acid, and its use can be potentially useful in patients with hyperuricemia and gout.

[Advantages of therapy with sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with hyperuricemia and gout].

Currently, only two drugs for reducing uric acid (UA), allopurinol and febuxostat, are registered in the Russian Federation, but their use does not allow to achieve the target level of UA in all cases. According to the results of numerous randomized trials, hyperuricemia and gout are associated with the corresponding components of the metabolic syndrome, including diabetes mellitus. The influence of factors is due to the need to search for new drugs that have a complex effect on several components of metabolic syndrome at once.

[Comorbidity in gout and hyperuricemia: prevalence, causes, prospects of urate lowering therapy].

Nowadays, there is increased interest in the connection of gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia with comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and other. Studies conducted over the past few decades suggest that not only gout, but also asymptomatic hyperuricemia can significantly worsen the prognosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases, as the deposition of urate crystals can be both an immediate cause and a factor in the progression of renal failure. In that way, the timely appointment of urate - lowering therapy and achieving the target serum uric acid level can not only affect joint damage, but also can significantly slow the progression of life - threatening comorbid conditions.

Flare Rate Thresholds for Patient Assessment of Disease Activity States in Gout.

Objective: To determine the relationship between gout flare rate and self-categorization into remission, low disease activity (LDA), and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS).

Methods: Patients with gout self-categorized as remission, LDA, and PASS, and reported number of flares over the preceding 6 and 12 months. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the association between being in each disease state (LDA and PASS were combined) and flare count, and self-reported current flare.

Inorganic Pyrophosphatase-Nanodiamond Conjugates Hydrolyze Pyrophosphate in Human Synovial Fluid.

The present work is focused on testing enzyme-based agents for the partial dissolution of calcium pyrophosphate (CaPP) deposits in the cartilages and synovial fluid of patients with pyrophosphate arthropathy (CPPD disease). Previously, we suggested that inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) immobilized on nanodiamonds of detonation synthesis (NDs) could be appropriate for this purpose. We synthesized and characterized conjugates of NDs and PPases from and .

Brief Report: Validation of a Definition of Flare in Patients With Established Gout.

Objective: To perform external validation of a provisional definition of disease flare in patients with gout.

Methods: Five hundred nine patients with gout were enrolled in a cross-sectional study during a routine clinical care visit at 17 international sites. Data were collected to classify patients as experiencing or not experiencing a gout flare, according to a provisional definition.

[Independent risk factors for severe cardiovascular events in male patients with gout: Results of a 7-year prospective study].

Aim: To determine risk factors for severe cardiovascular (CV) events (CVEs) in male patients with crystal-verified gout.

Subjects And Methods: 251 male patients with crystal-verified gout were prospectively followed up in 2003 to 2013. The mean follow-up period was 6.

Survey Definitions of Gout for Epidemiologic Studies: Comparison With Crystal Identification as the Gold Standard.

Objective: To identify the best-performing survey definition of gout from items commonly available in epidemiologic studies.

Methods: Survey definitions of gout were identified from 34 epidemiologic studies contributing to the Global Urate Genetics Consortium (GUGC) genome-wide association study. Data from the Study for Updated Gout Classification Criteria (SUGAR) were randomly divided into development and test data sets.

Performance of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Gout in a Multicenter Study: Comparison With Monosodium Urate Monohydrate Crystal Analysis as the Gold Standard.

Objective: To examine the performance of ultrasound (US) for the diagnosis of gout using the presence of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals as the gold standard.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Study for Updated Gout Classification Criteria (SUGAR), a large, multicenter observational cross-sectional study of consecutive subjects with at least 1 swollen joint who conceivably may have gout. All subjects underwent arthrocentesis; cases were subjects with confirmed MSU crystals.

Diagnostic Arthrocentesis for Suspicion of Gout Is Safe and Well Tolerated.

Objective: To determine the frequency of adverse events of diagnostic arthrocentesis in patients with possible gout.

Methods: Consecutive patients underwent arthrocentesis and were evaluated at 6 weeks to determine adverse events. The 95% CI were obtained by bootstrapping.

[Time course of changes in the clinical manifestations of gout in men: data of a 7-year retrospective follow-up].

Aim: To estimate the time course of changes in the clinical manifestations of gout and their risk factors during a long-term follow-up.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 160 male patients with gout were examined and followed up for a mean of 6.9 ± 2.

Study for Updated Gout Classification Criteria: Identification of Features to Classify Gout.

Objective: To determine which clinical, laboratory, and imaging features most accurately distinguished gout from non-gout.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of consecutive rheumatology clinic patients with ≥1 swollen joint or subcutaneous tophus. Gout was defined by synovial fluid or tophus aspirate microscopy by certified examiners in all patients.

Performance of classification criteria for gout in early and established disease.

Objectives: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of different classification criteria for gout in early and established disease.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of consecutive rheumatology clinic patients with joint swelling in which gout was defined by presence or absence of monosodium urate crystals as observed by a certified examiner at presentation. Early disease was defined as patient-reported onset of symptoms of 2 years or less.

[Main factors of gender dimorphism of gout (estrogens and diuretics vs alcohol and genetics)].

The article analyses factors underling gender dimorphism of gout, gender epidemiological differences. Discussion covers the role of estrogens and menopause, alcohol, diuretics, gender-associated genetic characteristics in gout genesis.

[Carbohydrate metabolic disorders in gout: incidence and clinical features].

Aim: To study the clinical features of gout concurrent with carbohydrate metabolic disturbances.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred and ninety-five patients with gout were examined. Their mean age was 54.

[Effect of metformin on the clinical course of gout and insulin resistance].

Unlabelled: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate results of metformin (MF) therapy during 1 year of uric acid (UA) metabolism and the clinical course of gout with insulin resistance (IR). The study included 30 patients (28 men and 2 women) of mean age 51 yr and duration of he disease 4-11 yr. IR was diagnosed based on the HOMA index.

[Metabolic syndrome in gout].

The presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is characteristic for many patients with gout. MS is closely associated with a generalized disorder called insulin resistance (IR) or impaired tissue responsiveness to the normal action in insulin. MS and IR define cardiovascular disease risks and are the main factors leading to severe disease associated with chronic arthritis and struck joints in gout patients.