Oral contraceptive use as a determinant of plasma concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances among women in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort (MoBa) study.

Objective: Because oral contraceptives (OC) tends to lessen menstrual fluid loss - a route of excretion for perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) - we hypothesized that such use would be positively associated with PFAS concentrations.

Methods: This analysis was based on the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort (MoBa) study. We included 1090 women from two previous substudies of women enrolled from 2003 to 2007.

Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Binary Drug Mixtures: Studies with Cocaine, MDPV, and Caffeine.

Illicit drug preparations often include more than one pharmacologically active compound. For example, cocaine and synthetic cathinones [e.g.

Effects of consuming a diet high in fat and/or sugar on the locomotor effects of acute and repeated cocaine in male and female C57BL/6J mice.

Drug abuse and obesity are serious public health problems. Dopamine plays a central role in mediating the reinforcing effects of drugs and food. Prolonged use of drugs is known to alter the function and/or sensitivity of many neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine; however, the impact of consuming foods high in fat and/or sugar is less clear.

Cyclo[6]pyridine[6]pyrrole: a dynamic, twisted macrocycle with no meso bridges.

A large porphyrin analogue, cyclo[6]pyridine[6]pyrrole, containing no meso bridging atoms, has been synthesized through Suzuki coupling. In its neutral form, this macrocycle exists as a mixture of two figure-eight conformers that undergo fast exchange in less polar solvents. Upon protonation, the dynamic twist can be transformed into species that adopt a ruffled planar structure or a figure-eight shape depending on the extent of protonation and counteranions.