Effects of a video intervention and ethnocultural empathy on racial color-blindness, White empathy, and willingness to confront White privilege.

Objectives: This purpose of this study was to examine (a) the effects of a video intervention on decreasing racial color-blindness, increasing White people's empathy toward racism (i.e., White empathy), and increasing willingness to confront White privilege; and (b) whether ethnocultural empathy moderated the effect of this intervention on these two outcomes.

College environment and basic psychological needs: Predicting academic major satisfaction.

The authors aimed to extend the literature in self-determination theory (SDT) to understand the relations between college environmental variables (faculty and peer support) and academic major satisfaction. The study was disseminated via an online platform to 320 students attending a large midwestern university. Based on SDT, it was hypothesized that student perceptions of their volitional autonomy, competence, and relatedness in their academic major would fully mediate the relations between perceived faculty and peer supports and major satisfaction.

The role of retrieval in answering multiple-choice questions.

Taking a test improves memory for that tested information, a finding referred to as the testing effect. Multiple-choice tests tend to produce smaller testing effects than do cued-recall tests, and this result is largely attributed to the different processing that the two formats are assumed to induce. Specifically, it is generally assumed that the multiple-choice format bypasses the need to retrieve information.