How histopathological diagnosis interacts with kidney ultrasound parameters and glomerular filtration rate.

The evaluation of estimated GFR (eGFR) is a pivotal staging step in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and renal ultrasound plays an important role in diagnosis, prognosis and progression of CKD. The interaction between histopathological diagnosis and ultrasound parameters in eGFR determination has not been fully investigated yet. The study examined the results of native kidney biopsies performed in 48 Italian centers between 2012 and 2020.

Sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam to treat second-degree haemorrhoidal disease: Three-year follow-up of a multicentre, single arm, IDEAL phase 2b trial.

Background: Sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam is becoming increasingly popular for the treatment of symptomatic I-II or III degree haemorrhoidal disease (HD). However, there are no studies that have reported a follow-up of more than 1 year. The purpose of this study was to analyse the long-term outcomes of sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam in the treatment of II-degree HD.

The risks associated with percutaneous native kidney biopsies: a prospective study.

Background: The known risks and benefits of native kidney biopsies are mainly based on the findings of retrospective studies. The aim of this multicentre prospective study was to evaluate the safety of percutaneous renal biopsies and quantify biopsy-related complication rates in Italy.

Methods: The study examined the results of native kidney biopsies performed in 54 Italian nephrology centres between 2012 and 2020.

Do We Have Another Option to Treat Bleeding Hemorrhoids? The Emborrhoid Technique: Experience in 16 Patients.

Background: Hemorrhoidal disease is very common in western countries and rectal bleeding is the main symptom complained by patients. Nowadays the ultimate goal of treatment is to block the bleeding with minimally-invasive techniques to minimize post-procedural pain.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the preliminary results of the emborrhoid technique (embolization of the superior rectal arteries branches) as a new tool for the proctologist to treat severe bleeding hemorrhoids causing anemia.

Risk and Predictors of Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality After Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Comparative Study With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is associated with a high risk of postoperative complications and mortality. The aim of this study was to compare postoperative morbidity after PD in patients undergoing resections for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) with patients undergoing the same resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: Data of 566 patients from 3 European tertiary referral centers between 1998 and 2014 were considered.

Pharmacological interventions for acute pancreatitis.

Background: In people with acute pancreatitis, it is unclear what the role should be for medical treatment as an addition to supportive care such as fluid and electrolyte balance and organ support in people with organ failure.

Objectives: To assess the effects of different pharmacological interventions in people with acute pancreatitis.

Search Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, 2016, Issue 9), MEDLINE, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, and trial registers to October 2016 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods to decrease blood loss during liver resection: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Liver resection is a major surgery with significant mortality and morbidity. Specialists have tested various methods in attempts to limit blood loss, transfusion requirements, and morbidity during elective liver resection. These methods include different approaches (anterior versus conventional approach), use of autologous blood donation, cardiopulmonary interventions such as hypoventilation, low central venous pressure, different methods of parenchymal transection, different methods of management of the raw surface of the liver, different methods of vascular occlusion, and different pharmacological interventions.

Laparoscopic Finney pyloroplasty in the emergency setting: first case report in the literature and technical challenges.

Pyloroplasty is currently reserved for emergencies (perforation, bleeding), but may occasionally be performed to treat benign gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Historically, two techniques are available: the Mikulicz pyloroplasty, by which the pylorus is incised longitudinally and sutured vertically, and the Finney pyloroplasty, by which a U-shaped inverted incision is made in the second part of duodenum (D1-D2), followed by a side-to-side gastroduodenostomy. We report our experience in this single case of laparoscopic Finney pyloroplasty (LFP) performed in the emergency setting for a woman with a perforated duodenal ulcer and severe loss of tissue in D1-D2.

Novel INF2 mutations in an Italian cohort of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, renal failure and Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy.

Background: Mutations of INF2 represent the major cause of familial autosomal dominant (AD) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). A few patients present neurological symptoms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease but the prevalence of the association has not been assessed yet.

Methods: We screened 28 families with AD FSGS and identified 8 INF2 mutations in 9 families (32 patients overall), 3 of which were new.

Validation of the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy in cohorts with different presentations and treatments.

The Oxford Classification of IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) identified mesangial hypercellularity (M), endocapillary proliferation (E), segmental glomerulosclerosis (S), and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T) as independent predictors of outcome. Whether it applies to individuals excluded from the original study and how therapy influences the predictive value of pathology remain uncertain. The VALIGA study examined 1147 patients from 13 European countries that encompassed the whole spectrum of IgAN.

CEUS Retrograde Cystography Is Helpful in Percutaneous Drainage of Complex Posttransplant Lymphocele.

After monolateral dual kidney transplantation, a 69 years old male patient developed symptomatic lymphocele with mild hydroureteronephrosis, impaired renal function, and right inferior limb oedema. A percutaneous ultrasound-guided drainage of the fluid collection was planned, but the complex mutual relations between the collection and the renal hilus did not allow to identify a suitable route for a safe drainage insertion during conventional ultrasound examination. A retrograde cystography using echographic contrast agent was, therefore, performed, and it clarified the position of both ureters and the renal vessels, permitting an harmless ultrasound-guided percutaneous lymphocele drainage.