Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis of mFOLFIRINOX in High-Grade Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Background: High-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise both well-differentiated grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors (G3 NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) nearly always include poorly differentiated NEC as the neuroendocrine component. The efficacy and safety of frontline mFOLFIRINOX chemotherapy has never been investigated in patients with high-grade NENs.

Multimodal Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases: State of the Art.

Liver is the most common site of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases. Treatment of CRC liver metastases (CRLM) includes different strategies, prevalently based on the clinical and oncological intent. Valid approaches in liver-limited or liver-prevalent disease include surgery, percutaneous ablative procedures (radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation), intra-arterial perfusional techniques (chemo-embolization, radio-embolization) as well as stereotactic radiotherapy.

Mucosal Melanoma: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Treatment.

Purpose Of Review: Summarize the writings published in the last years on the management and novel therapies of mucosal melanoma (MM).

Recent Findings: New research has demonstrated a difference between MM and cutaneous melanoma (CM) in their genomic and molecular landscapes, explaining the response's heterogeneity. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have limited benefit, but novel therapies are rapidly expanding.

Playing the Devil's Advocate: Should We Give a Second Chance to mTOR Inhibition in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma? - ie Strategies to Revert Resistance to mTOR Inhibitors.

In the last decade, the inhibition of the mechanistic target of Rapamycin (mTOR) in renal clear cell carcinoma (RCC) has disappointed the clinician's expectations. Many clinical trials highlighted the low efficacy and unmanageable safety profile of first-generation mTOR inhibitors (Rapalogs), thus limiting their use in the clinical practice only to those patients who already failed several therapy lines. In this review, we analyze the major resistance mechanisms that undermine the efficacy of this class of drugs.

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: Biological and Clinical Features.

Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) include basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). These neoplasms are highly diverse in their clinical presentation, as well as in their biological evolution. While the deregulation of the Hedgehog pathway is commonly observed in BCC, SCC and MCC are characterized by a strikingly elevated mutational and neoantigen burden.